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Cancer Associated Retinopathy (CAR) also known as Carcinoma Associated Retinopathy is an immune-mediated disease affecting the retina of the eye. It is a paraneoplastic type autoimmune retinopathy associated with cancer that can cause blindness. It can be seen in association with various types of cancers.
All squamous cell carcinoma lesions are thought to begin via the repeated, uncontrolled division of cancer stem cells of epithelial lineage or characteristics. Accumulation of these cancer cells causes a microscopic focus of abnormal cells that are, at least initially, locally confined within the specific tissue in which the progenitor cell resided.
Cancer-associated retinopathy is commonly linked with cancers such as lung cancer and breast cancer, which trigger an autoimmune response due to malignant cells. In these cases, the immune system produces antibodies targeting retinal proteins, leading to retinal degeneration and overall vision loss.
Diabetes, for example, is the leading cause of new cases of blindness in those aged 20–74, with ocular manifestations such as diabetic retinopathy and macular edema affecting up to 80% of those who have had the disease for 15 years or more.
Symptoms usually stem from inflammation in the throat (laryngitis), but Oliver says: “Persistent hoarseness, which lasts for 10 days or more, should be checked by a medical professional, as it ...
Uveal melanoma is a type of eye cancer in the uvea of the eye. [4] It is traditionally classed as originating in the iris, choroid, and ciliary body, but can also be divided into class I (low metastatic risk) and class II (high metastatic risk). [4] Symptoms include blurred vision, loss of vision, and photopsia, but there may be no symptoms. [5]
Cancer is a group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body. [3] [4] Cancer can be difficult to diagnose because its signs and symptoms are often nonspecific, meaning they may be general phenomena that do not point directly to a specific disease process.
An eye neoplasm is a tumor of the eye. [1] A rare type of tumor, [2] eye neoplasms can affect all parts of the eye, and can either be benign or malignant , in which case it is known as eye cancer. [3] Eye cancers can be primary (starts within the eye) or metastatic cancer (spread to the eye from another organ