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Manifest functions are the consequences that people see, observe or even expect. It is explicitly stated and understood by the participants in the relevant action. The manifest function of a rain dance, according to Merton in his 1957 Social Theory and Social Structure, is to produce rain, and this outcome is intended and desired by people participating in the ritual.
Selo Soemardjan (May 23, 1915 in Yogyakarta [1] – June 11, 2003 in Jakarta), also spelled as Selo Sumarjan or Selo Sumardjan, was a well known senior academic in sociology at the University of Indonesia, and is known as the Pioneer of Indonesian Social Sciences. [1]
Social theories are analytical frameworks, or paradigms, that are used to study and interpret social phenomena. [1] A tool used by social scientists, social theories relate to historical debates over the validity and reliability of different methodologies (e.g. positivism and antipositivism), the primacy of either structure or agency, as well as the relationship between contingency and necessity.
[3]: 5 Microsociology is based on interpretative analysis rather than statistical or empirical observation, [4]: 18–21 and shares close association with the philosophy of phenomenology. Methods include symbolic interactionism and ethnomethodology ; ethnomethodology in particular has led to many academic sub-divisions and studies such as micro ...
Sociology is the scientific study of human society that focuses on society, human social behavior, patterns of social relationships, social interaction, and aspects of culture associated with everyday life.
[1] [5] [6] In this case, mimicking another organization perceived as legitimate becomes a "safe" way to proceed. An example is a struggling regional university hiring a star faculty member in order to be perceived as more similar to organizations that are revered (e.g., an Ivy League institution ).
[6] [10] [11] In psychology, in the 1930s, Jacob L. Moreno began systematic recording and analysis of social interaction in small groups, especially classrooms and work groups (see sociometry). In anthropology , the foundation for social network theory is the theoretical and ethnographic work of Bronislaw Malinowski , [ 12 ] Alfred Radcliffe ...
[10] Even though Merton grew up fairly poor, he believed that he had been afforded many opportunities. [ 11 ] As a student at South Philadelphia High School , he was a frequent visitor to nearby cultural and educational venues, including the Andrew Carnegie Library , the Academy of Music , the Central Library, and the Museum of Arts.