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An arterial blood gas (ABG) test, or arterial blood gas analysis (ABGA) measures the amounts of arterial gases, such as oxygen and carbon dioxide. An ABG test requires that a small volume of blood be drawn from the radial artery with a syringe and a thin needle , [ 1 ] but sometimes the femoral artery in the groin or another site is used.
An exception is for acid–base and blood gases, which are generally given for arterial blood. [citation needed] Still, the blood values are approximately equal between the arterial and venous sides for most substances, with the exception of acid–base, blood gases and drugs (used in therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) assays). [6]
A blood gas test or blood gas analysis tests blood to measure blood gas tension values and blood pH.It also measures the level and base excess of bicarbonate.The source of the blood is reflected in the name of each test; arterial blood gases come from arteries, venous blood gases come from veins and capillary blood gases come from capillaries. [1]
Neonatal bowel obstruction (NBO) or neonatal intestinal obstruction is the most common surgical emergency in the neonatal period. [1] It may occur due to a variety of conditions and has an excellent outcome based on timely diagnosis and appropriate intervention .
Fetal hemoglobin, or foetal haemoglobin (also hemoglobin F, HbF, or α 2 γ 2) is the main oxygen carrier protein in the human fetus.Hemoglobin F is found in fetal red blood cells, and is involved in transporting oxygen from the mother's bloodstream to organs and tissues in the fetus.
The small intestine or small bowel is an organ in the gastrointestinal tract where most of the absorption of nutrients from food takes place. It lies between the stomach and large intestine, and receives bile and pancreatic juice through the pancreatic duct to aid in digestion. The small intestine is about 5.5 metres (18 feet) long and folds ...
Lesions are most commonly found on the skin and in the small intestine and distal large bowel. The lesions can also be found in the central nervous system, liver, and muscles. [6] It usually presents soon after birth or during early infancy. [6] [7]
But for a small number of drugs that are very toxic to the intestine (e.g. irinotecan), these molecules which would not otherwise be very toxic can become so because of this process, and therefore inhibition of this step can be protective. For the majority of drugs which undergo enterohepatic circulation that are not toxic to the intestine ...