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Osteomyelitis is a secondary complication in 1–3% of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. [13] In this case, the bacteria, in general, spread to the bone through the circulatory system , first infecting the synovium (due to its higher oxygen concentration) before spreading to the adjacent bone. [ 13 ]
Osteomyelitis of the jaws is osteomyelitis (which is infection and inflammation of the bone marrow, sometimes abbreviated to OM) which occurs in the bones of the jaws (i.e. maxilla or the mandible). Historically, osteomyelitis of the jaws was a common complication of odontogenic infection (infections of the teeth).
One theory is that because bisphosphonates are preferentially deposited in bone with high turnover, it is possible that the levels of bisphosphonate within the jaw are selectively elevated. To date, there have been no reported cases of bisphosphonate-associated complications within bones outside the craniofacial skeleton. [13]
It is a complication (sequela) of osteomyelitis. The pathological process is as follows: infection in the bone leads to an increase in intramedullary pressure due to inflammatory exudates; the periosteum becomes stripped from the ostium, leading to vascular thrombosis; bone necrosis follows due to lack of blood supply; sequestra are formed
Secondary events such as dental infection, injection of local anaesthetics with vasoconstrictors, such as epinephrine, and trauma can add further complications to the disease process and chronic non-pus forming bone infection osteomyelitis can also be associated with ONJ. [55] [56] [57]
Vertebral osteomyelitis is a type of osteomyelitis (infection and inflammation of the bone and bone marrow) that affects the vertebrae. It is a rare bone infection concentrated in the vertebral column. [2] Cases of vertebral osteomyelitis are so rare that they constitute only 2%-4% of all bone infections. [3]
A Brodie abscess is a subacute osteomyelitis, appearing as an accumulation of pus in bone, frequently with an insidious onset. [1] Brodie's abscess is characterized by pain and swelling without fever, often resulting from diabetic wounds, fracture-related bone infection, or haematogenous osteomyelitis.
Condensing osteitis, also known as focal sclerosing osteomyelitis, is a rare periapical inflammatory condition characterized by the formation of sclerotic bone near the roots of premolars and molars. This condition arises as a response to dental infections, such as periapical pulp inflammation or low-intensity trauma.