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The superior pontine sulcus separates the pons from the midbrain. [7] Posteriorly, the pons curves on either side into a middle cerebellar peduncle. [4] A cross-section of the pons divides it into a ventral and a dorsal area. The ventral pons is known as the basilar part, and the dorsal pons is known as the pontine tegmentum. [3]
Pontocerebellar fibers are the sole efferent pathway of the pontine nuclei. The fibers mostly decussate within the pons to pass through the (contralateral) middle cerebellar peduncle to terminate in the contralateral cerebellum as mossy fibers; they form terminal synapses in the cerebellar cortex, but also issue collaterals to the cerebellar nuclei.
The pontine tegmentum, or dorsal pons, is the dorsal part of the pons located within the brainstem. The ventral part or ventral pons is known as the basilar part of the pons, or basilar pons. Along with the dorsal surface of the medulla oblongata, it forms part of the rhomboid fossa – the floor of the fourth ventricle.
The middle cerebellar peduncle is the largest of the three cerebellar peduncles. It connects the pons and cerebellum.It consists almost entirely of fibers passing from the pons to the cerebellum (fibrocerebellar fibers); the fibers arise from the pontine nuclei and decussate within the pons before entering the peduncle [1] to end in the contralateral cerebellar hemisphere.
The PPRF is situated in the pons just [3] ventralmedial to the abducens nucleus. [2] It is located anterior and lateral to the medial longitudinal fasciculus. [citation needed] It is continuous caudally with the nucleus prepositus hypoglossi. [4]
The entire pathway begins and ends in the cerebral cortex, and its entire course is the following: [2] (Motor and sensory areas of) cerebral cortex → corticopontine fibers → (ipsilateral) nuclei pontis (synapse) → pontocerebellar fibers (decussation within pons) → middle cerebellar peduncle → (contralateral) (cerebellar cortex and (collaterals) dentate nucleus of) posterior lobe of ...
The human cerebellum is located at the base of the brain, with the large mass of the cerebrum above it, and the portion of the brainstem called the pons in front of it. It is separated from the overlying cerebrum by a layer of tough dura mater called the cerebellar tentorium; all of its connections with other parts of the brain travel through the pons.
The basilar sulcus is vertical directed and lies in the midline of the pons on its anterior (front) surface. The basilar artery runs within the basilar sulcus. The basilar sulcus is bounded on either side by an eminence caused by the descent of the cerebrospinal fibers through the substance of the pons.
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