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Special districts (also known as special service districts, special district governments, or limited purpose entities) are independent, special-purpose governmental units that exist separately from local governments such as county, municipal, and township governments, with substantial administrative and fiscal independence.
The US Census in 2012 counted 19,522 municipalities, 16,364 townships, 37,203 special districts, and 12,884 independent school districts which have active governments. [45] Many states use township as a governmental level between county and municipality. Most states have counties with unincorporated areas (no municipal government).
A special district may serve areas of multiple states if established by an interstate compact. Special districts are widely popular and have enjoyed "phenomenal growth". [23] From 1952 to 2007, the number of special districts increased by 203 percent, from 12,340 to 37,381. [24] They are "the most common form of government in the United States ...
Districts may sometimes retain the same boundaries, while changing their district numbers. The following is a complete list of the 435 current congressional districts for the House of Representatives, and over 200 obsolete districts, and the six current and one obsolete non-voting delegations.
The following table displays the official flag, seal, and coat of arms of the 50 states, of the federal district, the 5 inhabited territories, and the federal government of the United States of America.
Special districts of Washington (state) (1 C, 3 P) Water management authorities in the United States (7 C, 55 P) Pages in category "Special administrative structures in the United States"
In districts located in more than one county, the directors represent each county in proportion to its relative population in the district. Districts may issue bonds, levy property taxes, and fix charges for the use of facilities and services. Bond issues may require voter approval. [1] The state also has hospital township boards.
Special district may refer to: Certain districts of Ethiopia not part of a zone; Special district (United States), independent, special-purpose governmental units