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The term transit theodolite, or transit for short, refers to a type of theodolite where the telescope is short enough to rotate in a full circle on its horizontal axis as well as around its vertical axis. It features a vertical circle which is graduated through the full 360 degrees and a telescope that could "flip over" ("transit the scope").
The permanent adjustments of theodolites are made to establish fixed relationship between the instrument's fundamental lines. The fundamental lines or axis of a transit theodolite include the following:- Vertical axis; Axis of plate levels; Axis of telescope; Line of collimation; Horizontal axis; Axis of altitude bubble and the vernier should ...
A total station or total station theodolite is an electronic/optical instrument used for surveying and building construction. It is an electronic transit theodolite integrated with electronic distance measurement (EDM) to measure both vertical and horizontal angles and the slope distance from the instrument to a particular point, and an on ...
Ramsden made at least one other 3-foot (0.91 m) theodolite of which parts were discovered in Switzerland. [2] After his death his firm was inherited by Mathew Berge who is known to have constructed two more large instruments to Ramsden's design. [ 2 ]
The initial setting operation includes fixing the theodolite on a tripod, along with approximate levelling and centering over the station mark.For setting up the instrument, the tripod is placed over the station with its legs widely spread so that the centre of the tripod head lies above the station point and its head approximately level (by eye estimation).
Allow transit measurements in any direction . Theodolite (Describing a theodolite as a transit may refer to the ability to turn the telescope a full rotation on the horizontal axis, which provides a convenient way to reverse the direction of view, or to sight the same object with the yoke in opposite directions, which causes some instrumental errors to cancel.
Vernier caliper with a vernier constant of 0.1 for clarity of operation. The standard for a caliper is usually a constant of 0.02 Vernier caliper scale with the normal 0.02 vernier constant, showing measurement of object at 19.44 mm to two decimal places
A CTS V22 theodolite from the 1960s. In 1963 CTS became a part of the new Vickers Instruments Ltd. During this period it made the Vickers V.11 and V.22 theodolites. [15] The company produced a range of precision microscopes [19] and survey equipment including theodolites [20] and it manufactured one of the first usable interference microscopes ...