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Croup is usually treated with a single dose of steroids by mouth. [2] [7] In more severe cases inhaled epinephrine may also be used. [2] [8] Hospitalization is required in one to five percent of cases. [9] Croup is a relatively common condition that affects about 15% of children at some point. [4]
X-ray findings may include subglottic narrowing. The priority is to secure the patient's airway, and to rule out croup and epiglottitis which may be fatal. Suspicion for tracheitis should be high in cases of onset of airway obstruction that do not respond to racemic epinephrine. [citation needed]
Treatment comprises symptomatic support usually via analgesics for headache, sore throat, and muscle aches. [13] Moderate exercise in sedentary subjects with a naturally acquired URTI probably does not alter the overall severity and duration of the illness. [14] No randomized trials have been conducted to ascertain benefits of increasing fluid ...
For optimal management of a pneumonia patient, the following must be assessed: pneumonia severity (including treatment location, e.g., home, hospital or intensive care), identification of causative organism, analgesia of chest pain, the need for supplemental oxygen, physiotherapy, hydration, bronchodilators and possible complications of ...
Croup; Cystic fibrosis; Cytomegalovirus (the virus most frequently transmitted before birth) Dental caries; Type 1 diabetes; Diphtheria; Duchenne muscular dystrophy; Fifth disease; Congenital Heart Disease; Infectious mononucleosis; Influenza; Intussusception (medical disorder) Juvenile idiopathic arthritis; Leukemia; Measles; Meningitis ...
With appropriate treatment, the risk of death among children with the condition is about one percent and among adults is seven percent. [3] Elsewhere, it has been reported that only one percent of adults diagnosed with epiglottitis die from the disease. [11] Some people may develop pneumonia, lymphadenopathy, or septic arthritis. [30]
Inhaled epinephrine may be used to improve the symptoms of croup. [12] It may also be used for asthma when other treatments are not effective. [8] It is given intravenously, by injection into a muscle, by inhalation, or by injection just under the skin. [8] Common side effects include shakiness, anxiety, and sweating. [8]
Corticosteroids, although useful in other respiratory disease such as asthma and croup, have no proven benefit in bronchiolitis treatment and are not advised. [ 9 ] [ 8 ] [ 12 ] [ 57 ] [ 58 ] Additionally, corticosteroid therapy in children with bronchiolitis may prolong viral shedding and transmissibility. [ 9 ]