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Allport contributed to the trait theory of personality, and is known as a "trait" psychologist. He opposed the idea that people can be classified according to a small number of trait dimensions, arguing that each person is unique and distinguished by particular traits. [ 15 ]
Trait theory tends to focus on the individual over the situation in which they are in. [10] This focus has relaxed within modern studies allowing for a consideration of the external factors outside of the self. As the focus becomes more relaxed (but still prominent as it is a main part of the theory) research expands.
In 1936, American psychologists Gordon Allport of Harvard University and Henry Odbert of Dartmouth College implemented Galton's hypothesis. They organised for three anonymous people to categorise adjectives from Webster's New International Dictionary and a list of common slang words. The result was a list of 4504 adjectives they believed were ...
Examples include the Cambodian genocide, the Final Solution in Nazi Germany, the Rwandan genocide, the Armenian genocide, and the genocide of the Hellenes. This scale should not be confused with the Religious Orientation Scale of Allport and Ross (1967), which is a measure of the maturity of an individual's religious conviction.
Although trait theories of personality are currently the most dominant theories in the personality literature, it was the Greek philosopher Aristotle who first wrote about traits (dispositions) such as being brave, or modest. [1]
The term was coined by Gordon Allport in his book, The Nature of Prejudice. These labels usually have negative connotations. [1] Labels of primary potency are formed in the same ways as those in labeling theory, and these labels are usually highly visible features, such as disabilities (e.g. feeble-minded, cripple, blind man), and skin colour. [1]
An example of trait psychology development (stages): Singling out the types of love as psychology of traits. In the Antique time the typology of the kinds of love was very popular, these comprised: Eros – a passionate physical and emotional love based on aesthetic enjoyment; stereotype of romantic love
Gordon Allport and Henry Murray both supported the idea of a consistent personality with occasional situational influences. [4] Allport noted that "traits become predictable to the extent that identities in stimulus situations are predictable." [5] Others like Edward Thorndike viewed behavior as a composition of responses an individual has to ...