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The monocots or monocotyledons have, as the name implies, a single (mono-) cotyledon, or embryonic leaf, in their seeds.Historically, this feature was used to contrast the monocots with the dicotyledons or dicots which typically have two cotyledons; however, modern research has shown that the dicots are not a natural group, and the term can only be used to indicate all angiosperms that are not ...
A stem is one of two main structural axes of a vascular plant, the other being the root. It supports leaves, flowers and fruits, transports water and dissolved substances between the roots and the shoots in the xylem and phloem, engages in photosynthesis, stores nutrients, and produces new living tissue. [1]
In monocotyledons, it extends only into roots. [1] The pith is encircled by a ring of xylem ; the xylem, in turn, is encircled by a ring of phloem . While new pith growth is usually white or pale in color, as the tissue ages it commonly darkens to a deeper brown color.
In a vascular plant, the stele is the central part of the root or stem [1] containing the tissues derived from the procambium. These include vascular tissue , in some cases ground tissue ( pith ) and a pericycle , which, if present, defines the outermost boundary of the stele.
A true root system consists of a primary root and secondary roots (or lateral roots). the diffuse root system: the primary root is not dominant; the whole root system is fibrous and branches in all directions. Most common in monocots. The main function of the fibrous root is to anchor the plant.
These are typically more elongated in the leaves of monocots than in those of dicots. Diagram of moderate scale leaf anatomy. Trichomes or hairs grow out from the epidermis in many species. In the root epidermis, epidermal hairs termed root hairs are common and are specialized for the absorption of water and mineral nutrients.
Coleoptile is the pointed protective sheath covering the emerging shoot in monocotyledons such as grasses in which few leaf primordia and shoot apex of monocot embryo remain enclosed. The coleoptile protects the first leaf as well as the growing stem in seedlings and eventually, allows the first leaf to emerge. [1]
Fibrous roots of mature Roystonea regia palm, Kolkata, India. A fibrous root system is the opposite of a taproot system. It is usually formed by thin, moderately branching roots growing from the stem. A fibrous root system is universal in monocotyledonous plants and ferns. The fibrous root systems look like a mat made out of roots when the ...