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The first experimental pressurization systems saw use during the 1920s and 1930s. In the 1940s, the first commercial aircraft with a pressurized cabin entered service. [2] The practice would become widespread a decade later, particularly with the introduction of the British de Havilland Comet jetliner in 1949.
The Junkers Ju 49 was a German aircraft designed to investigate high-altitude flight and the techniques of cabin pressurization. It was the world's second working pressurized aircraft, following the Engineering Division USD-9A which first flew in the United States in 1921. [1] By 1935, it was flying regularly to around 12,500 m (41,000 ft).
It was the second American aircraft to feature cabin pressurization. [1] It was initially described as a "supercharged cabins" by the Army. The XC-35 was a development of the Lockheed Model 10 Electra that was designed to meet a 1935 request by the United States Army Air Corps for an aircraft with a pressurized cabin. [2]
Affected aircraft included the prototype, the first Pan Am machine, and some early production B-17s, and resulted in T&WA having to have their engineers manually inspect every tube that was to be incorporated into their aircraft. [9] Wreck of the prototype, NX19901. The first aircraft completed, registration NX19901, crashed on March 18, 1939.
Pressurized PA-31P with fewer and smaller windows. In January 1966, development of the PA-31P Pressurized Navajo had begun : Piper's first pressurized aircraft. [10] The PA-31P (or PA-31P-425 unofficially) was certified in late 1969. [11]
The Alcor was registered with the Federal Aviation Administration as completed in 1968, but reportedly first flew in 1973. In 1983 Lamson indicated that the aircraft has flown 180 hours and had exceeded 20,000 ft (6,096 m) "four or five times".
The prototype for what would become the C-46, the Curtiss CW-20, was designed in 1937 by George A. Page Jr., the chief aircraft designer at Curtiss-Wright. [4] The CW-20 was a private venture intended to compete with the four-engined Douglas DC-4 and Boeing 307 Stratoliner by the introduction of a new standard in pressurized airliners. [5]
The Lockheed Constellation ("Connie") is a propeller-driven, four-engined airliner built by Lockheed Corporation starting in 1943. The Constellation series was the first civil airliner family to enter widespread use equipped with a pressurized cabin, enabling it to fly well above most bad weather, thus significantly improving the general safety and ease of commercial passenger air travel.