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Therefore, the Drag coefficient on a supersonic airfoil is described by the following expression: C D = C D,friction + C D,thickness + C D,lift. Experimental data allow us to reduce this expression to: C D = C D,O + KC L 2 Where C DO is the sum of C (D,friction) and C D,thickness, and k for supersonic flow is a function of the Mach number. [3]
In February 1976, work commenced to automate the methods contained in the USAF Stability and Control DATCOM, specifically those contained in sections 4, 5, 6 and 7.The work was performed by the McDonnell Douglas Corporation under contract with the United States Air Force in conjunction with engineers at the Air Force Flight Dynamics Laboratory in Wright-Patterson Air Force Base.
For example, the NACA 2412 airfoil has a maximum camber of 2% located 40% (0.4 chords) from the leading edge with a maximum thickness of 12% of the chord. The NACA 0015 airfoil is symmetrical, the 00 indicating that it has no camber. The 15 indicates that the airfoil has a 15% thickness to chord length ratio: it is 15% as thick as it is long.
The result was a long string of fundamental breakthroughs, including "thin airfoil theory" (1920s), "NACA engine cowl" (1930s), the "NACA airfoil" series (1940s), and the "area rule" for supersonic aircraft (1950s).
Schemes have been devised to define airfoils – an example is the NACA system. Various airfoil generation systems are also used. An example of a general purpose airfoil that finds wide application, and pre–dates the NACA system, is the Clark-Y. Today, airfoils can be designed for specific functions by the use of computer programs.
The supersonic flow over a supercritical airfoil terminates in a weaker shock, thereby postponing shock-induced boundary layer separation. A supercritical aerofoil ( supercritical airfoil in American English) is an airfoil designed primarily to delay the onset of wave drag in the transonic speed range.
Venus is testing its high-Mach-speed advanced propulsion system and has achieved supersonic flight with a drone using a rocket engine. Tie believes SpaceX's Starship could be one of the likeliest ...
The Lockheed Martin X-59 Quesst ("Quiet SuperSonic Technology"), sometimes styled QueSST, is an American experimental supersonic aircraft under development by Skunk Works for NASA's Low-Boom Flight Demonstrator project. [2] Preliminary design started in February 2016, with the X-59 planned to begin flight testing in 2021.