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A mobility shift assay is electrophoretic separation of a protein–DNA or protein–RNA mixture on a polyacrylamide or agarose gel for a short period (about 1.5-2 hr for a 15- to 20-cm gel). [4] The speed at which different molecules (and combinations thereof) move through the gel is determined by their size and charge, and to a lesser extent ...
measure the force produced by a single muscle by measuring the strain of a tendon. After the experiment, the tendon's elastic modulus is determined and used to compute the exact force produced by the muscle. However, this can only be used on muscles with long tendons. Particle image velocimetry
amoeboid movement, a crawling-like movement, which also makes swimming possible [17] [18] filopodia , enabling movement of the axonal growth cone [ 19 ] flagellar motility , a swimming-like motion (observed for example in spermatozoa , propelled by the regular beat of their flagellum , or the E. coli bacterium, which swims by rotating a helical ...
The phenomenon of bidirectional movement has been demonstrated by applying two different substances at the same time to the phloem of a stem at two different points, and following their longitudinal movement along the stem. If the mechanism of translocation operates according to pressure flow hypothesis, bidirectional movement in a single sieve ...
A scientific control is an experiment or observation designed to minimize the effects of variables other than the independent variable (i.e. confounding variables). [1] This increases the reliability of the results, often through a comparison between control measurements and the other measurements.
Undulatory locomotion is the type of motion characterized by wave-like movement patterns that act to propel an animal forward. Examples of this type of gait include crawling in snakes, or swimming in the lamprey. Although this is typically the type of gait utilized by limbless animals, some creatures with limbs, such as the salamander, forgo ...
The mechanism is a GAE (generalize angulated element) where the coupler curve is a radial straight line. [2] This allows the Hoberman mechanism to act with a single degree of freedom, meaning that it is an over-constrained mechanism because the mobility formula predicts that it would have a smaller degree of freedom than it does, as the ...
The sliding filament theory explains the mechanism of muscle contraction based on muscle proteins that slide past each other to generate movement. [1] According to the sliding filament theory, the myosin ( thick filaments ) of muscle fibers slide past the actin ( thin filaments ) during muscle contraction, while the two groups of filaments ...