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The extent of Estonian territory in early medieval times is disputed but the nature of their religion is not. They were known to the Scandinavians as experts in wind-magic, as were the Sámi (known at the time as Finns) in the North. [11] The name Estonia was first mentioned by Cassiodorus in his book V. Letters 1–2 dating from the 6th ...
Fragments of the Wanradt–Koell Catechism (1535), the first book printed in Estonian. The history of Estonia forms a part of the history of Europe.Human settlement in what is now Estonia became possible 13,000–11,000 years ago, after the ice from the last glacial era had melted, and signs of the first permanent population in the region date from around 9000 BCE.
Parishes were typically governed by local nobles referred to as kings (Estonian: kuningas). [62] Ancient Estonia had a professional warrior caste [63] while the nobles' wealth and prestige was based on international trade. [64] The parishes were commonly centered around hill forts, though occasionally multiple forts existed within a single parish.
The Chronicle of Henry of Livonia describes a fleet of sixteen ships and five hundred Oeselians ravaging the area that is now southern Sweden, then belonging to Denmark.In the XIVth book of Gesta Danorum, Saxo Grammaticus describes a battle on Öland in 1170 in which the Danish king Valdemar I mobilised his entire fleet to curb the incursions of Couronian and Estonian pirates.
Alempois (Latin: Alumbus) was a small independent landlocked county in ancient Estonia, bordered by Harjumaa, Järvamaa, Nurmekund, Sakala, and Läänemaa. Alempois had an area of approximately 400 hides.
Otepää Castle was a stronghold of the Ugandi Estonians in Otepää, later controlled by the Bishop of Tartu and his vassals. Otepää Castle was one of the most prominent centers of ancient Estonia [1] and a crucial hub in Southern Estonia, [2] being one of Estonia's strongest ancient fortresses, [3] located atop the highest hillfort in the region. [4]
Carved idol of Peko. Radaja Seto Museum. Peko (Finnish spelling Pekko, Pekka, Pellon Pekko) is an ancient Estonian and Finnish god of crops, especially barley and brewing. In the area of Setomaa, between Estonia and Russia, inhabited by the Seto language-speaking Setos, the cult of Peko was alive until the 20th century.
Estonia hosted the first Eurovision Song Contest in a former Soviet republic. North Atlantic Treaty Organization Summit in Prague: Bulgaria, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Romania, Slovakia and Slovenia were invited to join NATO. 2003: Estonia approved joining the European Union in a referendum with 66% agreed with joining and 34% were against it ...