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These muscles work in unison when inhalation occurs. The internal intercostal muscles relax while the external muscles contract causing the expansion of the chest cavity and an influx of air into the lungs. Each arises from the lower border of a rib, and is inserted into the upper border of the rib below.
External intercostal muscles also known as intercostalis externus aid in quiet and forced inhalation. They originate on ribs 1–11 and have their insertion on ribs 2–12. The external intercostals are responsible for the elevation of the ribs and bending them more open, thus expanding the transverse dimensions of the thoracic cavity. The ...
The muscles of respiration are the muscles that contribute to inhalation and exhalation, by aiding in the expansion and contraction of the thoracic cavity. The diaphragm and, to a lesser extent, the intercostal muscles drive respiration during quiet breathing. The elasticity of these muscles is crucial to the health of the respiratory system ...
Each muscle begins posteriorly at the tubercles of the ribs and extends anteriorly to the costochondral junction, the junction between the costal cartilage and the sternal end of the rib. The muscle between the costal cartilages is replaced by a membranous layer called the external intercostal membrane .
Origin: Transverse processes of C7 to T11 vertebrae: Insertion: Superior surfaces of the ribs immediately inferior to the preceding vertebrae: Nerve: Dorsal rami C8-T11 (Intercostal nerves) Actions: Assists in elevation of the thoracic rib cage: Identifiers; Latin: musculi levatores costarum: TA98: A04.4.01.009: TA2: 2308: FMA: 71312 ...
The muscle fibres of the diaphragm radiate outward from the central tendon. While the diaphragm is one muscle, it is composed of two distinct muscle regions: the costal, which serves as the driver in the work of breathing, and crural diaphragm, which serves as an "anchor;" attaching the muscle to the lower ribs and lumbar vertebrae.
Origin: Nuchal ligament (or ligamentum nuchae) and the spinous processes of the vertebrae C7 through T3: Insertion: The upper borders of the 2nd through 5th ribs: Artery: Intercostal arteries: Nerve: 2nd through 5th intercostal nerves: Actions: Elevates ribs 2-5 [1] Identifiers; Latin: musculus serratus posterior superior: TA98: A04.3.01.011 ...
[2] [3] It can also be used for applying a nerve block known as the rhomboid intercostal block, which can be used to relieve pain after rib fractures, and a thoracotomy. This nerve block is usually achieved by injection of the local anesthetic agent into the fascial plane between the rhomboid upper intercostal muscle and the rhombic muscles.