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Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is gastrointestinal bleeding in the upper gastrointestinal tract, commonly defined as bleeding arising from the esophagus, stomach, or duodenum. Blood may be observed in vomit or in altered form as black stool. Depending on the amount of the blood loss, symptoms may include shock.
Lower gastrointestinal bleeding is typically from the colon, rectum or anus. [2] Common causes of lower gastrointestinal bleeding include hemorrhoids, cancer, angiodysplasia, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, and aortoenteric fistula. [2] It may be indicated by the passage of fresh red blood rectally, especially in the absence of bloody ...
Potentiates warfarin activity, leading to excessive anticoagulation and bleeding [3] [13] Dong quai female ginseng Angelica sinensis: May induce uterine contractions; contraindicated when pregnant or nursing [14] European Mistletoe: common mistletoe Viscum album: Toxic to cardio and central nervous systems, gastrointestinal bleeding [3] Ephedra ...
Menopausal symptoms; Urinary frequency; Urinary retention (being unable to urinate) Uncommon (0.1-1% incidence) ... Gastrointestinal bleeding; Pulmonary embolism;
Bleeding, perforation, ulcer perforation, blockage of the stomach [2] Causes: Helicobacter pylori bacteria, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), tobacco smoking, Crohn's disease [1] [3] Diagnostic method: Based on symptoms, confirmed by endoscopy or barium swallow [1] Differential diagnosis
Melena may also be a complication of anticoagulant medications, such as warfarin. [7] Causes of upper gastrointestinal bleeding that may result in melena include malignant tumors affecting the esophagus, stomach or small intestine, hemorrhagic blood diseases, such as thrombocytopenia and hemophilia, gastritis, stomach cancer, esophageal varices ...
Gastric antral vascular ectasia (GAVE) is an uncommon cause of chronic gastrointestinal bleeding or iron deficiency anemia. [1] [2] The condition is associated with dilated small blood vessels in the gastric antrum, which is a distal part of the stomach. [1] The dilated vessels result in intestinal bleeding. [3]
Hematemesis, melena, and hematochezia are symptoms of acute gastrointestinal bleeding. Bleeding that brings the patient to the physician is a potential emergency and must be considered as such until its seriousness can be evaluated.