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Wireless network cards for computers require control software to make them function (firmware, device drivers). This is a list of the status of some open-source drivers for 802.11 wireless network cards.
Notable custom-firmware projects for wireless routers.Many of these will run on various brands such as Linksys, Asus, Netgear, etc. OpenWrt – Customizable FOSS firmware written from scratch; features a combined SquashFS/JFFS2 file system and the package manager opkg [1] with over 3000 available packages (Linux/GPL); now merged with LEDE.
Tomato is a family of community-developed, custom firmware for consumer-grade computer networking routers and gateways powered by Broadcom chipsets.The firmware has been continually forked and modded by multiple individuals and organizations, with the most up-to-date fork provided by the FreshTomato project.
Ascher Opler used the term firmware in a 1967 Datamation article, as an intermediary term between hardware and software.Opler projected that fourth-generation computer systems would have a writable control store (a small specialized high-speed memory) into which microcode firmware would be loaded.
Drivers that may be vulnerable include those for WiFi and Bluetooth, [19] [20] gaming/graphics drivers, [21] and drivers for printers. [ 22 ] There is a lack of effective kernel vulnerability detection tools, especially for closed-source OSes such as Microsoft Windows [ 23 ] where the source code of the device drivers is mostly proprietary and ...
NDIS Miniport drivers can also use Windows Driver Model interfaces to control network hardware. [19] Another driver type is NDIS Intermediate Driver. Intermediate drivers sit in-between the MAC and IP layers and can control all traffic being accepted by the NIC. In practice, intermediate drivers implement both miniport and protocol interfaces.
UPnP logo as promoted by the UPnP Forum (2001–2016) and Open Connectivity Foundation (2016–present). Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) is a set of networking protocols on the Internet Protocol (IP) that permits networked devices, such as personal computers, printers, Internet gateways, Wi-Fi access points and mobile devices, to seamlessly discover each other's presence on the network and ...
It is possible for a computer running a desktop operating system with appropriate software to act as a wireless router. This is commonly referred to as a SoftAP . In 2003, Linksys was forced to open-source the firmware of its WRT54G router series (the best-selling routers of all time) after people on the Linux kernel mailing list discovered ...