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Product differentiation. In economics and marketing, product differentiation (or simply differentiation) is the process of distinguishing a product or service from others to make it more attractive to a particular target market. This involves differentiating it from competitors ' products as well as from a firm's other products.
Gojek's first logo, used until 21 July 2019. Gojek motorcycle riders in Salatiga, Central Java, Indonesia. The name Gojek comes from the term “Ojek” or motorbike taxis [ 16] commonly found throughout Indonesia. It was founded in 2010 with 20 motorbike drivers. [ 17] Gojek app was launched in January 2015, [ 18] and in less than two years ...
Market research is an organized effort to gather information about target markets and customers. It involves understanding who they are and what they need. [ 1] It is an important component of business strategy [ 2] and a major factor in maintaining competitiveness. Market research helps to identify and analyze the needs of the market, the ...
Multi-level marketing (MLM) is a controversial business model that involves selling products or services through a network of distributors who earn commissions based on their own and their recruits' sales. MLM is also known as network marketing, direct selling, referral marketing, or pyramid selling. This article explains the history, legality, criticism, and types of MLM, as well as some ...
The AIDA marketing model is a model within the class known as hierarchy of effects models or hierarchical models, all of which imply that consumers move through a series of steps or stages when they make purchase decisions. These models are linear, sequential models built on an assumption that consumers move through a series of cognitive ...
Horizontal and vertical market. The medicine industry is an example of a vertical market. A vertical market is a market in which vendors offer goods and services specific to an industry, trade, profession, or other group of customers with specialized needs. A horizontal market is a market in which a product or service meets the needs of a wide ...
Vertical integration is the degree to which a firm owns its upstream suppliers and its downstream buyers. The differences depend on where the firm is placed in the order of the supply chain. There are three varieties of vertical integration: backward (upstream) vertical integration, forward (downstream) vertical integration, and balanced (both ...
Distribution (or place) is one of the four elements of the marketing mix: the other three elements being product, pricing, and promotion . Decisions about distribution need to be taken in line with a company's overall strategic vision and mission. Developing a coherent distribution plan is a central component of strategic planning.