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An autophagosome is a spherical structure with double layer membranes. [2] It is the key structure in macroautophagy , the intracellular degradation system for cytoplasmic contents (e.g., abnormal intracellular proteins , excess or damaged organelles , invading microorganisms).
Microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B (hereafter referred to as LC3) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MAP1LC3B gene. [5] LC3 is a central protein in the autophagy pathway where it functions in autophagy substrate selection and autophagosome biogenesis. LC3 is the most widely used marker of autophagosomes. [6]
Autophagy protein 5 (ATG5) is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the ATG5 gene located on chromosome 6.It is an E3 ubi autophagic cell death.ATG5 is a key protein involved in the extension of the phagophoric membrane in autophagic vesicles.
ATG may be part of the protein name (such as ATG7) or part of the gene name (such as ATG7), [53] although all ATG proteins and genes do not follow this pattern (such as ULK1). [ 52 ] To give specific examples, the UKL1 enzyme (kinase complex) induces autophagosome biogenesis, and ATG13 ( Autophagy-related protein 13 ) is required for phagosome ...
Autophagy-related protein 13 also known as ATG13 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KIAA0652 gene. [5]ATG13 is an autophagy factor required for phagosome formation. . ATG13 is a target of the TOR kinase signaling pathway that regulates autophagy through phosphorylation of ATG13 and ULK1, and the regulation of the ATG13-ULK1-RB1CC1 comp
66615 Ensembl ENSG00000168397 n/a UniProt Q9Y4P1 Q8BGE6 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_013325 NM_178326 NM_174874 NM_001368266 RefSeq (protein) NP_037457 NP_847896 NP_777363 NP_001355195 Location (UCSC) Chr 2: 241.64 – 241.67 Mb n/a PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Cysteine protease ATG4B is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ATG4B gene. Function Autophagy is the process by ...
RNA expression pattern; Bgee: ... interacting protein 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the WIPI2 gene. [5] [6] ... early to the forming autophagosome ...
22241 Ensembl ENSG00000177169 ENSMUSG00000029512 UniProt O75385 O70405 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_003565 NM_009469 NM_001347394 RefSeq (protein) NP_003556 NP_001334323 NP_033495 Location (UCSC) Chr 12: 131.89 – 131.92 Mb Chr 5: 110.93 – 110.96 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Serine/threonine-protein kinase ULK1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ULK1 gene. Unc-51 ...