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Acute kidney injury: Patients at risk for developing TLS (e.g. patients about to receive chemotherapy for a cancer with a high cell turnover rate, especially lymphomas and leukemias) should receive appropriate intravenous hydration in order to improve blood flow to the kidneys, maximize urine output, and ultimately prevent precipitation of uric ...
Altered brain structure in chemotherapy patients provides explanation for cognitive impairment. [12] Another study in 2007 investigated the differences in brain structure between two adult, monozygotic twin females. One underwent chemotherapy treatment for breast cancer, while the other did not have cancer and was not treated with chemotherapy.
There are various forms, [2] and some drugs may affect kidney function in more than one way. Nephrotoxins are substances displaying nephrotoxicity. Nephrotoxicity should not be confused with some medications predominantly excreted by the kidneys needing their dose adjusted for the decreased kidney function (e.g., heparin, lithium).
Acute kidney injuries can be present on top of chronic kidney disease, a condition called acute-on-chronic kidney failure (AoCRF). The acute part of AoCRF may be reversible, and the goal of treatment, as with AKI, is to return the person to baseline kidney function, typically measured by serum creatinine .
Kidney ischemia [1] is a disease with a high morbidity and mortality rate. [2] Blood vessels shrink and undergo apoptosis which results in poor blood flow in the kidneys. More complications happen when failure of the kidney functions result in toxicity in various parts of the body which may cause septic shock, hypovolemia, and a need for surgery. [3]
Taken as a whole, if the disease is limited to the kidney, only 20–30% develop metastatic disease after nephrectomy. [110] More specific subsets show a five-year survival rate of around 90–95% for tumors less than 4 cm. For larger tumors confined to the kidney without venous invasion, survival is still relatively good at 80–85%.
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 21 February 2025. Medical condition Kidney cancer Other names Renal cancer Micrograph showing the most common type of kidney cancer (clear cell renal cell carcinoma). H&E stain. Specialty Oncology nephrology Urology Symptoms Blood in the urine, lump in the abdomen, back pain Usual onset After the age of ...
Denial of care in chronic kidney disease treatment and management is a significant issue for minority populations. This can be due to healthcare provider prejudice, structural barriers, and health insurance coverage disparities. Healthcare provider biases can lead to under-treatment, misdiagnosis, or delayed diagnosis.