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Beginning in 1980, the CDC cautioned physicians and parents about the association between Reye syndrome and the use of salicylates in children and teenagers with chickenpox or virus-like illnesses. In 1982, the U.S. Surgeon General issued an advisory, and in 1986, the Food and Drug Administration required a Reye syndrome-related warning label ...
Viral hepatitis is liver inflammation due to a viral infection. [1] [2] It may present in acute form as a recent infection with relatively rapid onset, or in chronic form, typically progressing from a long-lasting asymptomatic condition up to a decompensated hepatic disease and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
In adults, hepatitis B infection is most commonly self-limiting, with less than 5% progressing to chronic state, and 20 to 30% of those chronically infected developing cirrhosis or liver cancer. [31] Infection in infants and children frequently leads to chronic infection. [31] Unlike hepatitis B, most cases of hepatitis C lead to chronic ...
Norovirus is a highly contagious virus that causes vomiting and diarrhea—and sometimes at the same time, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
Several liver diseases are due to viral infection. Viral hepatitides such as Hepatitis B virus and Hepatitis C virus can be vertically transmitted during birth via contact with infected blood. [38] [39] According to a 2012 NICE publication, "about 85% of hepatitis B infections in newborns become chronic". [40]
States are recording new cases of parechovirus in infants and babies, the CDC said. Recent cases belong to a subtype that's associated with more severe disease.
Worldwide the prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in pregnant women and children has been estimated to be 1–8% and 0.05–5% respectively. [155] The vertical transmission rate has been estimated to be 3–5% and there is a high rate of spontaneous clearance (25–50%) in the children.
Acute infection with hepatitis B virus is associated with acute viral hepatitis, an illness that begins with general ill-health, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, body aches, mild fever, and dark urine, and then progresses to development of jaundice. The illness lasts for a few weeks and then gradually improves in most affected people.