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2. Cation-exchange capacity - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cation-exchange_capacity

   Cation-exchange capacity (CEC) is a measure of how many cations can be retained on soil particle surfaces. [1] Negative charges on the surfaces of soil particles bind positively-charged atoms or molecules (cations), but allow these to exchange with other positively charged particles in the surrounding soil water. [ 2 ]

3. World Reference Base for Soil Resources - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Reference_Base_for...

   Laboratory characteristics: The laboratory analyses confirm the high cation exchange capacity per kg clay in the clay-richer horizon and the dominance of exchangeable base cations over exchangeable Al in the subsoil. In the topsoil, we find 20% clay, 10% sand, and 70% silt; in the subsoil, 35% clay, 8% sand, and 57% silt. Organic matter ...

4. Base-cation saturation ratio - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base-cation_saturation_ratio

   Base-cation saturation ratio (BCSR) is a method of interpreting soil test results that is widely used in sustainable agriculture, supported by the National Sustainable Agriculture Information Service (ATTRA) [1] and claimed to be successfully in use on over a million acres (4,000 km 2) of farmland worldwide.

5. Sodium adsorption ratio - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_adsorption_ratio

   The sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) is an irrigation water quality parameter used in the management of sodium-affected soils.It is an indicator of the suitability of water for use in agricultural irrigation, as determined from the concentrations of the main alkaline and earth alkaline cations present in the water.

6. Ion-exchange membrane - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ion-exchange_membrane

   An ion-exchange membrane is generally made of organic or inorganic polymer with charged (ionic) side groups, such as ion-exchange resins. Anion-exchange membranes contain fixed cationic groups with predominantly mobile anions; because anions are the majority species, most of the conductivity is due to anion transport.

7. Oxisol - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxisol

   Permanent cropping of oxisols in low-income areas is very difficult because of low cation exchange capacities and high phosphorus fixation on iron and aluminium oxides (ligand exchange mechanism; inner sphere complex with phosphate). However, many oxisols can be cultivated over a wide range of moisture conditions.

8. Anion-exchange chromatography - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anion-exchange_chromatography

   If the pH is above the pI, the protein will have a negative charge and bind to the matrix in an anion exchange column. The stability of the protein at values above or below the pI, will determine if an anion exchange column or cation exchange column should be used. If it is stable at pH values below the pI, the cation exchange column be used.

9. Ion exchange - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ion_exchange

   There are also amphoteric exchangers that are able to exchange both cations and anions simultaneously. However, the simultaneous exchange of cations and anions is often performed in mixed beds, which contain a mixture of anion- and cation-exchange resins, or passing the solution through several different ion-exchange materials. Ion exchanger.