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A nanofluid is a fluid containing nanometer-sized particles, called nanoparticles.These fluids are engineered colloidal suspensions of nanoparticles in a base fluid. [1] [2] The nanoparticles used in nanofluids are typically made of metals, oxides, carbides, or carbon nanotubes.
The properties of the supercritical fluid can be altered by varying the pressure and temperature, allowing selective extraction. For example, volatile oils can be extracted from a plant with low pressures (100 bar), whereas liquid extraction would also remove lipids.
Flow rate may refer to: . Flow measurement, a quantification of bulk fluid movement; Mass flow rate (ṁ or μ), the mass of a substance which passes per unit of time; Volumetric flow rate (Q or ˙), the volume of fluid which passes per unit time
In physics, physical chemistry and engineering, fluid dynamics is a subdiscipline of fluid mechanics that describes the flow of fluids – liquids and gases.It has several subdisciplines, including aerodynamics (the study of air and other gases in motion) and hydrodynamics (the study of water and other liquids in motion).
In chemical engineering, a jacketed vessel is a container that is designed for controlling temperature of its contents, by using a cooling or heating "jacket" around the vessel through which a cooling or heating fluid is circulated.