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Sundown towns, also known as sunset towns, gray towns, or sundowner towns, were all- white municipalities or neighborhoods in the United States. They were towns that practice a form of racial segregation by excluding non-whites via some combination of discriminatory local laws, intimidation or violence. They were most prevalent before the 1950s.
A sundown town is an all-white community that shows or has shown hostility toward non-whites. Sundown town practices may be evoked in the form of city ordinances barring people of color after dark, exclusionary covenants for housing opportunity, signage warning ethnic groups to vacate, unequal treatment by local law enforcement, and unwritten rules permitting the harassment of non-whites.
“The first thing you need to know about sundown towns, and what 'Lovecraft Country' gets right, is it’s not a Southern phenomenon,” James Loewen tells Yahoo Life. “They’re all over the ...
“Sundown towns” were an open secret of racial segregation and are part of America’s historic discrimination and racial strife.
Huge numbers of towns across the country were effectively off-limits to African Americans. By the end of the 1960s, there were an estimated 10,000 sundown towns across the United States—including large suburbs such as Glendale, California (population 60,000 at the time); Levittown, New York (80,000); and Warren, Michigan (180,000). Over half ...
In the Midwest and West, up to 10,000 "sundown towns" existed across the United States between 1890 and 1960, according to blackpast.org, a website that states it's “dedicated to providing ...
The town of Gardnerville, Nevada, blew a daily whistle at 6 p.m. to alert Native Americans to leave by sundown. [9] Jewish Americans were excluded from living in some sundown towns. [10] HOLC's 1936 security map of Philadelphia showing redlining of minority neighborhoods. People who lived in the red zones could not get mortgages to buy or to ...
Racial segregation is most pronounced in housing. Although in the U.S. people of different races may work together, they are still very unlikely to live in integrated neighborhoods. This pattern differs only by degree in different metropolitan areas. [132] Residential segregation persists for a variety of reasons.