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Exposure to pyrethrum, the crude form of pyrethrin, [31] causes harmful health effects for mammals. Pyrethrum also has an allergenic effect that commercial pyrethroids don't have. [ 31 ] In mammals, toxic exposure to pyrethrum can lead to tongue and lip numbness, drooling , lethargy , muscle tremors , respiratory failure , vomiting , diarrhea ...
Poisoning can occur if pyrethroid containing flea treatment products, which are intended for dogs, are used on cats. The livers of cats detoxify pyrethroids via glucuronidation more poorly than dogs, which is the cause of this difference. [15] Aside from cats, pyrethroids are typically not toxic to mammals or birds. [16]
Pyrethroids are much less toxic in mammals than they are in insects and fish, because mammals have the ability to rapidly break the ester bond in bifenthrin and break the substance into its inactive acid and alcohol components. [2] In humans and rats, bifenthrin is degraded by the cytochrome p450-family. [5]
People can be exposed to pyrethrum as a mixture of cinerin, jasmolin, and pyrethrin in the workplace by breathing it in, getting it in the eyes or on the skin, or swallowing it. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has set the legal limit ( Permissible exposure limit ) for pyrethrum exposure in the workplace as 5 mg/m 3 over ...
Permethrin is a medication and an insecticide. [6] [7] As a medication, it is used to treat scabies and lice. [8]It is applied to the skin as a cream or lotion. [6] As an insecticide, it can be sprayed onto outer clothing or mosquito nets to kill the insects that touch them.
Effects were also observed in the liver (rats, mice, and dogs), heart (dogs), and thyroid gland (rats). Some effects were also seen in the kidney (mice and rats). However, neurotoxicity was the most sensitive endpoint in the toxicology database, and other effects were generally seen in the presence of neurotoxicity and/or at higher doses.
Chronic exposure to allethrins alters the plasma biochemical profile of humans and may have adverse health effects. [2] Bioallethrin has been shown to cause oxidative damage, cellular toxicity and necrosis of human lymphocytes studied in vitro. [3] It is highly toxic to fish and aquatic invertebrates.
Cyfluthrin is a pyrethroid insecticide and common household pesticide. It is a complex organic compound and the commercial product is sold as a mixture of isomers.Like most pyrethroids (MoA 3a), [1] it is highly toxic to fish and invertebrates, but it is far less toxic to humans. [2]