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  2. Proto-cuneiform - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-cuneiform

    The proto-cuneiform script was a system of proto-writing that emerged in Mesopotamia, eventually developing into the early cuneiform script used in the region's Early Dynastic I period. It arose from the token-based system that had already been in use across the region in preceding millennia.

  3. World’s oldest writing system may have its origins in ...

    www.aol.com/mysterious-engraved-pictographs-may...

    Before cuneiform, however, there was an archaic script using abstract pictographic signs called proto-cuneiform. It first appeared around 3350 to 3000 BC in the city of Uruk, in modern southern Iraq.

  4. History of ancient numeral systems - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_ancient_numeral...

    The earliest artifacts claimed to be tokens are from Tell Abu Hureyra, a site in the Upper Euphrates valley in Syria dated to the 10th millennium BCE, [16] and Ganj-i-Dareh Tepe, a site in the Zagros region of Iran dated to the 9th millennium BCE. [17] To create a record that represented "two sheep", two tokens each representing one unit were used.

  5. Cuneiform - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuneiform

    Cuneiform [note 1] is a logo-syllabic writing system that was used to write several languages of the Ancient Near East. [3] The script was in active use from the early Bronze Age until the beginning of the Common Era. [4] Cuneiform scripts are marked by and named for the characteristic wedge-shaped impressions (Latin: cuneus) which form their ...

  6. Denise Schmandt-Besserat - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denise_Schmandt-Besserat

    Schmandt-Besserat has worked on the origin of writing and counting, [4] and the nature of information management systems in oral societies.. Her first published works on clay tokens were the monograph, "Archaic Recoding System and the Origin of Writing," published by Syro-Mesopotamian Studies in 1977 [5] and The Earliest Precursor of Writing in a 1978 issue of Scientific American magazine.

  7. 5th millennium BC - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/5th_millennium_BC

    Twelve neolithic clay tokens, the precursor to Proto-cuneiform, were found in the Ubaid levels of the site.[7][8] The city was the major power at least in the first half of the 5th millennium. It would go on to decline in sovereignty within the 4th millennium. It is here where the first Kings of Sumer were said to have once dwelt.

  8. Could These 8 Metro Tokens Be Worth a Lot of Money? - AOL

    www.aol.com/could-8-metro-tokens-worth-113008637...

    This is a 1960, 16 mm one-fare token, according to Numista. Honolulu Rapid Transit Co. Token (1924) Value: Listed at $59, according to a Mercari vendor. This is a zinc, 16.5 mm token, according to ...

  9. Proto-writing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-writing

    The Kish tablet (c. 3500 BC) reflects the stage of proto-cuneiform, when what would become the cuneiform script of Sumer was still in the proto-writing stage. By the end of the 4th millennium BC, this symbol system had evolved into a method of keeping accounts, using a round-shaped stylus impressed into soft clay at different angles for ...