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The drug is bound to albumin with high affinity, while α 1-acid glycoprotein and lipoproteins contribute much less to total plasma protein binding. [1] The unbound or free fraction of levocetirizine has been reported to be 8%. [1] The true volume of distribution of cetirizine is unknown but is estimated to be 0.3 to 0.45 L/kg.
It is a fixed-dose combination drug containing 5 mg cetirizine hydrochloride and 120 mg pseudoephedrine hydrochloride for symptoms related to seasonal allergic rhinitis. [1] [2] [3] Cetirizine/pseudoephedrine gained approval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in 2001 as a prescription drug and became over-the-counter (OTC) in 2007. [4]
Levocetirizine was approved for medical use in the United States in 2007, [3] and is available as a generic medication. [4] In 2022, it was the 152nd most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 3 million prescriptions.
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In some countries, such as Brazil (photo) and France, more than 20% of all drug sales in units are generic. A generic drug is a pharmaceutical drug that contains the same chemical substance as a drug that was originally protected by chemical patents. Generic drugs are allowed for sale after the patents on the original drugs expire.
Drug Facts labels include information on the product's active ingredient(s), indications and purpose, safety warnings, directions for use, and inactive ingredients. [ 18 ] The 2020 Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (CARES Act) includes reforms that modernize the way certain OTC drugs are regulated in the United States.
Openclipart, also called Open Clip Art Library, is an online media repository of free-content vector clip art.The project hosts over 160,000 free graphics and has billed itself as "the largest community of artists making the best free original clipart for you to use for absolutely any reason".
Adverse drug reactions are most commonly associated with the first-generation H 1-antihistamines. This is due to their relative lack of selectivity for the H 1-receptor and their ability to cross the blood–brain barrier. The most common adverse effect is sedation; this "side-effect" is utilized in many OTC sleeping-aid preparations.