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The exact cause of an epididymal cyst is unknown, but it is most likely a congenital anomaly associated with hormonal imbalances during embryonic life. [3] Previous research has shown a correlation between the development of epididymal cysts and maternal exposure to endocrine disrupting substances like diethylstilbestrol during male fetal development.
A scrotal mass can be noncancerous or cancerous . [2] Benign scrotal masses will include hematocele which is a blood collection in the scrotum. [2] A scrotal hematocele is also called a hemoscrotum (or haemoscrotum in British English). Scrotal masses are abnormalities in the bag of skin hanging behind the penis (scrotum). [7]
Ultrasound remains as the mainstay in scrotal imaging not only because of its high accuracy, excellent depiction of scrotal anatomy, low cost and wide availability, it is also useful in determining whether a mass is intra- or extra-testicular, thus providing us useful and valuable information to decide whether a mass is benign or malignant even ...
In males, Sertoli cell tumours typically present as a testicular mass or firmness, and their presence may be accompanied by gynaecomastia (25%) if they produce oestrogens, or precocious pseudopuberty in young boys, especially if they produce androgens. [2]
The location and history of any scrotal masses are crucial in determining whether or not the mass is benign or malignant. [21] Lab tests such as a complete blood count (CBC test) or urine test can also be conducted to check for any possible infection or signs of inflammation. [22] Spermatoceles come in varying sizes and shapes.
These again unite to form a single vein, the testicular vein, which opens on the right side into the inferior vena cava, at an acute angle, and on the left side into the left renal vein, at a right angle. The pampiniform plexus forms the chief mass of the cord.
Palpate scrotum to examine the appearance, size and position of the testicles. The normal shape of testicle is oval and smooth but tender to the touch. [1] Examiner will note if testicle can be separated from epididymis. Examine for masses in the scrotum by using a light source in a dark room to shine through region. [1]
It is the most common extratesticular neoplasm after lipoma, and accounts for 30% of these masses. [4] On the other hand, adenomatoid tumors are the most common tumors of testicular adnexa. Although they are more common to be found in the paratesticular region they are sometimes found in the intratesticular region.