Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
The protonation of isobutene in the formation of a carbocation: (CH 3) 2 C=CH 2 + HBF 4 ⇌ (CH 3) 3 C + + BF − 4; The protonation of ammonia in the formation of ammonium chloride from ammonia and hydrogen chloride: NH 3 + HCl → NH 4 Cl; Protonation is a fundamental chemical reaction and is a step in many stoichiometric and catalytic processes.
The catalytically competent protonation state is the catalytically active protonation state of an enzyme.An enzyme is a protein, which catalyzes a chemical reaction.. Proteins and enzymes consist of amino acids, some of which are titratable (i.e., they can alter their charge when the pH of the solution changes), and an enzyme commonly needs a set of specific residues in its active site to ...
Protonation occurs at the sp 2-hybridized nitrogen. This occurs because the positive charge can be delocalized onto both nitrogen atoms. The resulting cationic species is known as an amidinium ion [ 8 ] and possesses identical C-N bond lengths.
The three atoms in a cyanate ion lie on a straight line, giving the ion a linear structure. The electronic structure is described most simply as :Ö̤−C≡N: with a single C−O bond and a triple C≡N bond.
A proton is a stable subatomic particle, symbol p, H +, or 1 H + with a positive electric charge of +1 e (elementary charge).Its mass is slightly less than the mass of a neutron and approximately 1836 times the mass of an electron (the proton-to-electron mass ratio).
In chemistry, hydronium (hydroxonium in traditional British English) is the cation [H 3 O] +, also written as H 3 O +, the type of oxonium ion produced by protonation of water.It is often viewed as the positive ion present when an Arrhenius acid is dissolved in water, as Arrhenius acid molecules in solution give up a proton (a positive hydrogen ion, H +) to the surrounding water molecules (H 2 O).
This page was last edited on 12 October 2014, at 14:16 (UTC).; Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License; additional terms may apply.
Firstly, it involves protonation of the hydroxyl group. Then, followed by intramolecular nucleophilic substitution, the second hydroxyl group attacks the electron deficient carbon. Provided that there are enough carbon atoms that the angle strain is not too much, a cyclic ether can be formed. A common diol reaction to produce a cyclic ether