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Schematic cross section of a pressurized caisson. In geotechnical engineering, a caisson (/ ˈ k eɪ s ən,-s ɒ n /; borrowed from French caisson 'box', from Italian cassone 'large box', an augmentative of cassa) is a watertight retaining structure [1] used, for example, to work on the foundations of a bridge pier, for the construction of a concrete dam, [2] or for the repair of ships.
The four South Queensferry caissons were all sunk by the pneumatic method, and are identical in design except for differences in height. [54] A T shaped jetty was built at the site of the South Queensferry piers, to allow one caisson to be attached to each corner, and when launched the caissons were attached to the jetty and permitted to rise ...
Representation of a pneumatic caisson, devised by Triger, dated 1846. Jacques Triger (10 March 1801 – 16 December 1867) [1] was a French geologist who invented the "Triger process" for digging through waterlogged ground using a pressurised caisson. Triger was also deputy director of coal mining operations in Chalonnes-sur-Loire (Maine-et-Loire).
The caisson lock is a type of canal lock in which a narrowboat is floated into a sealed watertight box and raised or lowered between two different canal water levels. It was invented in the late 18th century as a solution to the problem posed by the excessive demand for water when conventional locks were used to raise and lower canal boats ...
Ship caisson at Droogdok Jan Blanken at Hellevoetsluis. A caisson is a form of lock gate.It consists of a large floating iron or steel box. This can be flooded to seat the caisson in the opening of the dock to close it, or pumped dry to float it and allow it to be towed clear of the dock.
It appeared delicate, but the cast iron structure weighed over 2,500 metric tons (2,500 long tons). It rested on foundations of cast iron cylinders sunk through the riverbed into the bedrock, using an innovative method of pneumatic caissons. [19] On the Strood side of the bridge was the Ship's Passage: a channel 40 feet (12 m) in width.
The caisson was retrieved and repaired, and in October of that year was set in place. However, in February 1904 the temporary pier was again destroyed, this time by moving ice. The caisson survived without damage, and the light was first shown on April 24, 1905. [5] Although the light was automated in 1938, it continued to be staffed until 1962.
A plan and side view of a generic, empty canal lock. A lock chamber separated from the rest of the canal by an upper pair and a lower pair of mitre gates.The gates in each pair close against each other at an 18° angle to approximate an arch against the water pressure on the "upstream" side of the gates when the water level on the "downstream" side is lower.