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The Quraysh or Qureshi (Arabic: قُرَيْشٍ, romanized: Qurayš) is an Arab tribe that inhabited and used to control Mecca and the Kaaba. Comprising ten main clans, it includes the Hashim clan into which the Islamic prophet Muhammad was born.
Surah Quraysh, the 106th chapter of the Quran, holds special significance for the Quraysh tribe. This brief yet profound chapter addresses the Quraysh tribe of Mecca. The surah highlights the blessings and security bestowed upon the Quraysh due to their connection with the sacred sanctuary and urges them to worship the Lord of the Kaaba, who granted them safety and prosperity.
The early Muslim–Meccan conflict refer to a series of raids in which the Islamic prophet Muhammad and his companions participated. The raids were generally offensive [1] and carried out to gather intelligence or seize back the confiscated Muslim trade goods of caravans financed by the Mushrik of the Quraysh.
Al-Mughira was the son of Abd Allah ibn Umar and a great-grandson of the eponymous progenitor of the Banu Makhzum clan of the Quraysh tribe of Mecca. [1] He was likely active as a leader of his clan and tribe in the mid-6th century CE, a period in which Mecca, traditionally a pilgrimage center for the polytheistic Arabs during the pre-Islamic period, was becoming a political center as well. [2]
The Banu Makhzum were a major clan of the larger Quraysh tribal grouping which dominated Mecca. [4] Though in Arab genealogical tradition, there are some twenty branches descended from the progenitor Umar ibn Makhzum, the line of al-Mughira ibn Abd Allah ibn Umar ibn Makhzum emerged as the principal family of the Banu Makhzum. [4]
In early 626, leaders of the Jewish tribe of Banu Nadir which was expelled from Medina in May 625 met with the Quraysh in Mecca and swore allegiance to Safwan ibn Umayya. [ 55 ] [ 56 ] Following this meeting, the Banu Nadir rallied the Arab tribes of Najd against Muhammad, whose forces combined with the army of the Quraysh numbered 10,000 men.
Banu Umayya (Arabic: بَنُو أُمَيَّةَ, Nisba: al-Umawī) was a clan of the larger Quraysh tribe, which dominated Mecca in the pre-Islamic era. [4] The Quraysh derived prestige among the Arab tribes through their protection and maintenance of the Kaʿba , which at the time was regarded by the largely polytheistic Arabs across the ...
The conquest of Mecca (Arabic: فَتْحُ مَكَّةَ Fatḥu Makkah, alternatively, "liberation of Mecca") was a military campaign undertaken by Muhammad and his companions during the Muslim–Quraysh War. They led the early Muslims in an advance on the Quraysh-controlled city of Mecca in December 629 or January 630 [4] [5] (10–20 ...