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Full-wave rectifier, with vacuum tube having two anodes. A full-wave rectifier converts the whole of the input waveform to one of constant polarity (positive or negative) at its output. Mathematically, this corresponds to the absolute value function. Full-wave rectification converts both polarities of the input waveform to pulsating DC (direct ...
The panels show energy band diagram, electric field, and net charge density. The built-in potential of the semiconductor varies, depending on the concentration of doping atoms. In this example, both p and n junctions are doped at a 1e15 cm −3 (160 μC/cm 3) doping level, leading to built-in potential of ~0.59 volts. Reducing depletion width ...
SCR 4-layer (p-n-p-n) diagram. A silicon controlled rectifier or semiconductor controlled rectifier is a four-layer solid-state current-controlling device.The name "silicon controlled rectifier" is General Electric's trade name for a type of thyristor.
The wide intrinsic region makes the PIN diode an inferior rectifier (one typical function of a diode), but it makes it suitable for attenuators, fast switches, photodetectors, and high-voltage power electronics applications. The PIN photodiode was invented by Jun-Ichi Nishizawa and his colleagues in 1950. It is a semiconductor device.
The semiconductor diode is not ideal. As shown in the figure, the diode does not conduct appreciably until a nonzero knee voltage (or turn-on, cut-in, or threshold voltage) is reached, whose value depends on the semiconductor (listed in Diode § Forward threshold voltage for various semiconductors). Above this voltage the slope of the current ...
The Fermi level pinning effect is strong in many commercially important semiconductors (Si, Ge, GaAs), [5] and thus can be problematic for the design of semiconductor devices. For example, nearly all metals form a significant Schottky barrier to n-type germanium and an ohmic contact to p-type germanium, since the valence band edge is strongly ...
Absorption is the active process in photodiodes, solar cells and other semiconductor photodetectors, while stimulated emission is the principle of operation in laser diodes. Besides light excitation, carriers in semiconductors can also be generated by an external electric field, for example in light-emitting diodes and transistors.
A power semiconductor device is a semiconductor device used as a switch or rectifier in power electronics (for example in a switch-mode power supply).Such a device is also called a power device or, when used in an integrated circuit, a power IC.