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Map of protected areas of Svalbard. National parks in green, Nature reserves in purple, geotope protection areas in orange, bird sanctuaries with a bird icon, islands in black. There are twenty-nine preserved natural areas, consisting of seven national parks , six nature reserves , fifteen bird sanctuaries and one geotope protected area. [ 3 ]
English: Map of preserved areas on Svalbard, Norway. National parks in green; nature reserves in purple; geotope protect areas in orange; bird sanctuaries with a bird icon; seas in blue and islands in black. The map is created partially based on output from OpenStreetMap.
The foundation for conservation was established in the Svalbard Treaty of 1920, and has been further specified in the Svalbard Environmental Act of 2001. [4] The first round of protection took force on 1 July 1973, when most of the current protected areas came into effect. This included the two large nature reserves and three of the national parks.
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The Arctic desert ecoregion (WWF ID: PA1101) is a terrestrial ecoregion that covers the island groups of Svalbard, Franz Josef Land, Severny Island and Severnaya Zemlya in the Arctic Ocean, above 75 degrees north latitude. The region is covered with glaciers, snow, and bare rock in a harshly cold environment.
This is a list showing all of the northernmost settlements on Earth, which are all south of latitude 90° N. There are no permanent civilian settlements north of 79° N , the furthest north (78.55° N) being Ny-Ålesund , a permanent settlement of about 30 (in the winter) to 130 (in the summer) people on the Norwegian island of Svalbard .
MODIS satellite photo of Svalbard, courtesy NASA. Svalbard is an archipelago in the Arctic Ocean roughly centered on 78° north latitude and 20° east longitude. It constitutes the northernmost territory of the Kingdom of Norway. The three main islands in the group consist of Spitsbergen (the largest island), Nordaustlandet and Edgeøya.