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  2. Longitude by chronometer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longitude_by_chronometer

    It is an astronomical method of calculating the longitude at which a position line, drawn from a sight by sextant of any celestial body, crosses the observer's assumed latitude. [1] In order to calculate the position line, the time of the sight must be known so that the celestial position i.e. the Greenwich Hour Angle (Celestial Longitude ...

  3. Longitude - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longitude

    "Longitude forged": an essay exposing a hoax solution to the problem of calculating longitude, undetected in Dava Sobel's Longitude, from TLS, November 12, 2008. Board of Longitude Collection, Cambridge Digital Library – complete digital version of the Board's archive; Longitude And Latitude Of Points of Interest

  4. Latitude - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latitude

    A calculator for any latitude is provided by the U.S. Government's National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA). [8] The following graph illustrates the variation of both a degree of latitude and a degree of longitude with latitude. The definition of geodetic latitude (ϕ) and geocentric latitude (θ).

  5. Wikipedia:Obtaining geographic coordinates - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Obtaining...

    Move a marker on a Google Maps map (map or satellite view) and get Latitude, Longitude for the location. User interface in English language. Mapcoordinates: Map to coordinates: Move a marker on a Google Maps map (map or satellite view) and get Latitude, Longitude and Elevation for the location. User interface in German language. NASA World Wind ...

  6. History of longitude - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_longitude

    In particular, for safe ocean navigation, knowledge of both latitude and longitude is required, however latitude can be determined with good accuracy with local astronomical observations. Finding an accurate and practical method of determining longitude took centuries of study and invention by some of the greatest scientists and engineers.

  7. Geographic coordinate system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system

    A geographic coordinate system (GCS) is a spherical or geodetic coordinate system for measuring and communicating positions directly on Earth as latitude and longitude. [1] It is the simplest, oldest and most widely used type of the various spatial reference systems that are in use, and forms the basis for most others.

  8. Geographical distance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographical_distance

    Geographical distance or geodetic distance is the distance measured along the surface of the Earth, or the shortest arch length.. The formulae in this article calculate distances between points which are defined by geographical coordinates in terms of latitude and longitude.

  9. Sunrise equation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunrise_equation

    A contour plot of the hours of daylight as a function of latitude and day of the year, using the most accurate models described in this article. It can be seen that the area of constant day and constant night reach up to the polar circles (here labeled "Anta. c." and "Arct. c."), which is a consequence of the earth's inclination.