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Maleic anhydride is a classic substrate for Diels-Alder reactions. [9] It was used for work in 1928, on the reaction between maleic anhydride and 1,3-butadiene, for which Otto Paul Hermann Diels and Kurt Alder were awarded the Nobel Prize in 1950. It is through this reaction that maleic anhydride is converted to many pesticides and pharmaceuticals.
It is a partner in Diels–Alder reactions, e.g. with maleic anhydride to give tetrahydrophthalic anhydride. [29] Like other dienes, butadiene is a ligand for low-valent metal complexes, e.g. the derivatives Fe(butadiene)(CO) 3 and Mo(butadiene) 3.
One of the most common way to attach functionality onto a preexisting polymer backbone is through free radical reaction. Free radicals can be formed through plasma, peroxide initiation, etc. [3] When there is a free radical on the polyolefin chain, maleic anhydride [4] can be attached to promote
Polybutadiene [butadiene rubber, BR] is a synthetic rubber. It offers high elasticity, high resistance to wear, good strength even without fillers, and excellent abrasion resistance when filled and vulcanized. "Polybutadiene" is a collective name for homopolymers formed from the polymerization of the monomer 1,3-butadiene.
2,3-Dimethylmaleic anhydride is an organic compound with the formula (CH 3) 2 C 2 (CO) 2 O. [1] It is related to maleic anhydride (MA) by replacement of the two CH units with CCH 3 groups. The compound can be prepared from two eqiuvalents of MA in the presence of 2-aminopyridine followed by treatment with sulfuric acid.
In industry, maleic acid is derived by hydrolysis of maleic anhydride, the latter being produced by oxidation of benzene or butane. [4] Maleic acid is an industrial raw material for the production of glyoxylic acid by ozonolysis. [7] Maleic acid may be used to form acid addition salts with drugs to make them more stable, such as indacaterol ...
Other materials are also used to make a superabsorbent polymer, such as polyacrylamide copolymer, ethylene maleic anhydride copolymer, cross-linked carboxymethylcellulose, polyvinyl alcohol copolymers, cross-linked polyethylene oxide, and starch grafted copolymer of polyacrylonitrile to name a few. The latter is one of the oldest SAP forms created.
In another process, maleic anhydride is first opened with water or another alcohol to form maleic acid and is then reacted with DCPD where an alcohol from the maleic acid reacts across one of the double bonds of the DCPD. This product is then used to end-cap the UPR resin which yields a product with unsaturation on the end-groups.