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e. In microeconomics, management and international political economy, vertical integration is an arrangement in which the supply chain of a company is integrated and owned by that company. Usually each member of the supply chain produces a different product or (market-specific) service, and the products combine to satisfy a common need. [1]
e. Horizontal integration is the process of a company increasing production of goods or services at the same level of the value chain, in the same industry. A company may do this via internal expansion, acquisition or merger. [1] [2] [3] The process can lead to monopoly if a company captures the vast majority of the market for that product or ...
The Integrated Management Concept, or IMC is an approach to structure management challenges by applying a " system-theoretical perspective that sees organisations as complex systems consisting of sub-systems, interrelations, and functions". [1] The most characteristic aspect of the IMC is its distinction between three particular management ...
Keiretsu. A keiretsu ( Japanese: 系列, literally system, series, grouping of enterprises, order of succession) is a set of companies with interlocking business relationships and shareholdings that have dominated the Japanese economy since the second half of the 20th century. In the legal sense, it is a type of business group that is in a ...
Diversification (marketing strategy) Diversification is a corporate strategy to enter into or start new products or product lines, new services or new markets, involving substantially different skills, technology and knowledge. Diversification is one of the four main growth strategies defined by Igor Ansoff in the Ansoff Matrix: [1] Products.
Supply chain collaboration. In supply chain management, supply chain collaboration is defined as two or more autonomous firms working jointly to plan and execute supply chain operations. It can deliver substantial benefits and advantages to collaborators. [1] It is known as a cooperative strategy when one or more companies or business units ...
Product differentiation. In economics and marketing, product differentiation (or simply differentiation) is the process of distinguishing a product or service from others to make it more attractive to a particular target market. This involves differentiating it from competitors ' products as well as from a firm's other products.
Strategic management is the process of assessing the corporation and its environment in order to meet the firm's long-term objectives of adapting and adjusting to its environment through manipulation of opportunities and reduction of threats.A corporation-oriented view. ^ Courtney, Roger (2002).