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A distal radius fracture, also known as wrist fracture, is a break of the part of the radius bone which is close to the wrist. [1] Symptoms include pain, bruising, and rapid-onset swelling. [1] The ulna bone may also be broken. [1] In younger people, these fractures typically occur during sports or a motor vehicle collision. [2]
A dorsal tilt of 0° (11° - 12° deviation from normal anatomic position) causes a substantial risk of developing pain and impaired function. [3] After closed reduction , a residual dorsal tilt of a maximum of 5° (16° - 17° deviation) is regarded as the maximal residual angle for a satisfactory result.
The radial collateral ligament (external lateral ligament, radial carpal collateral ligament) extends from the tip of the styloid process of the radius and attaches to the radial side of the scaphoid (formerly navicular bone of the hand), immediately adjacent to its proximal articular surface and some fibres extend to the lateral side of the trapezium (greater multangular bone).
A Smith's fracture, is a fracture of the distal radius. [1]Although it can also be caused by a direct blow to the dorsal forearm [2] or by a fall with the wrist flexed, the most common mechanism of injury for Smith's fracture occurs in a palmar fall with the wrist joint slightly dorsiflexed. [3]
X-ray images indicate scapholunate ligament instability when the scapholunate distance is more than 3 mm, which is called scapholunate dissociation. [7] A static scapholunate instability is generally readily visible, but a dynamic scapholunate instability can only be seen radiographically in certain wrist positions or under certain loading conditions, such as when clenching the wrist, or ...
After placing the wrist in the correct position, radial wrist extensors are transferred to the extensor carpi ulnaris tendon, to help stabilize the wrist in straight position. [2] If the thumb or its carpometacarpal joint is absent, centralization can be followed by pollicization. Postoperatively, a long arm plaster splinter has to be worn for ...
DRUJ stress test: With this provocation maneuver, the wrist is held in pronated or supinated position, while the physician attempts to manipulate the distal ulna in dorsal and volar direction. Painful laxity indicates DRUJ instability and suggests RUL pathology. [2] Ulnar grind test: The forearm is fixated and the wrist is held in dorsiflexion.
Madelung deformity of the wrist is caused by a growth disturbance in the inferior volar part of the epiphysial growth plate in the distal radius, resulting in a volar placed slope of the lunate facet and scaphoid facet. This produces volar translation of the hand and wrist.