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  2. Plate tectonics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plate_tectonics

    Plate tectonics (from Latin tectonicus, from Ancient Greek τεκτονικός (tektonikós) 'pertaining to building') [1] is the scientific theory that Earth 's lithosphere comprises a number of large tectonic plates, which have been slowly moving since 3–4 billion years ago. [2][3][4] The model builds on the concept of continental drift ...

  3. List of tectonic plates - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tectonic_plates

    This is a list of tectonic plates on Earth's surface. Tectonic plates are pieces of Earth's crust and uppermost mantle, together referred to as the lithosphere. The plates are around 100 km (62 mi) thick and consist of two principal types of material: oceanic crust (also called sima from silicon and magnesium) and continental crust (sial from ...

  4. Mantle convection - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mantle_convection

    Mantle convection is the very slow creep of Earth's solid silicate mantle as convection currents carry heat from the interior to the planet's surface. [2] [3] Mantle convection causes tectonic plates to move around the Earth's surface. [4] The Earth's lithosphere rides atop the asthenosphere, and the two form the components of the upper mantle ...

  5. List of tectonic plate interactions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tectonic_plate...

    List of tectonic plate interactions. Tectonic plate interactions are classified into three basic types: [1] Convergent boundaries are areas where plates move toward each other and collide. These are also known as compressional or destructive boundaries. Obduction zones occurs when the continental plate is pushed under the oceanic plate, but ...

  6. Continental drift - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continental_drift

    Continental drift is the theory, originating in the early 20th century, that Earth's continents move or drift relative to each other over geologic time. [1] The theory of continental drift has since been validated and incorporated into the science of plate tectonics, which studies the movement of the continents as they ride on plates of the Earth's lithosphere.

  7. Tectonic uplift - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tectonic_uplift

    Tectonic uplift. Former sea bottom that raised during the 2013 Bohol earthquake - the water used to extend to the mangroves at right. Tectonic uplift is the geologic uplift of Earth's surface that is attributed to plate tectonics. While isostatic response is important, an increase in the mean elevation of a region can only occur in response to ...

  8. Earth's mantle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth's_mantle

    The convection of the Earth's mantle is a chaotic process (in the sense of fluid dynamics), which is thought to be an integral part of the motion of plates. Plate motion should not be confused with continental drift which applies purely to the movement of the crustal components of the continents. The movements of the lithosphere and the ...

  9. Slab suction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slab_suction

    Slab suction. Slab suction is one of the four main forces that drive plate tectonics. It creates a force that pulls down plates as they are subducting and speeds up their movement, creating larger amounts of displacement. It is because of these forces, slab pull, ridge push, mantle convection, and slab suction that the Earth's crust is able to ...

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