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Lewis structures – also called Lewis dot formulas, Lewis dot structures, electron dot structures, or Lewis electron dot structures (LEDs) – are diagrams that show the bonding between atoms of a molecule, as well as the lone pairs of electrons that may exist in the molecule. [1][2][3] A Lewis structure can be drawn for any covalently bonded ...
The most common Lewis bases are anions. The strength of Lewis basicity correlates with the pK a of the parent acid: acids with high pK a 's give good Lewis bases. As usual, a weaker acid has a stronger conjugate base. Examples of Lewis bases based on the general definition of electron pair donor include: simple anions, such as H − and F −
v. t. e. In chemistry, an acid dissociation constant (also known as acidity constant, or acid-ionization constant; denoted ) is a quantitative measure of the strength of an acid in solution. It is the equilibrium constant for a chemical reaction. known as dissociation in the context of acid–base reactions. The chemical species HA is an ...
hypochlorous acid. chlorous acid. perchloric acid. Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references. Chloric acid, H Cl O 3, is an oxoacid of chlorine, and the formal precursor of chlorate salts. It is a strong acid (p Ka ≈ −2.7) and an oxidizing agent.
Chlorous acid is an inorganic compound with the formula HClO 2. It is a weak acid. Chlorine has oxidation state +3 in this acid. The pure substance is unstable, disproportionating to hypochlorous acid (Cl oxidation state +1) and chloric acid (Cl oxidation state +5): Although the acid is difficult to obtain in pure substance, the conjugate base ...
Iodine monochloride is soluble in acids such as HF and HCl but reacts with pure water to form HCl, iodine, and iodic acid: ICl + H 2 O → HCl + HI + 1 ⁄ 2 O 2 2 ICl + H 2 O → 2 HCl + I 2 + 1 ⁄ 2 O 2 5 ICl + 3 H 2 O → 5 HCl + HIO 3 + 2 I 2. ICl is a useful reagent in organic synthesis. [2]
Hydrochloric acid, also known as muriatic acid or spirits of salt, is an aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride (HCl). It is a colorless solution with a distinctive pungent smell. It is classified as a strong acid. It is a component of the gastric acid in the digestive systems of most animal species, including humans.
In chemistry, the ball-and-stick model is a molecular model of a chemical substance which displays both the three-dimensional position of the atoms and the bonds between them. [1] The atoms are typically represented by spheres, connected by rods which represent the bonds. Double and triple bonds are usually represented by two or three curved ...