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A rigid transformation is formally defined as a transformation that, when acting on any vector v, produces a transformed vector T(v) of the form. T(v) = R v + t. where RT = R−1 (i.e., R is an orthogonal transformation), and t is a vector giving the translation of the origin. A proper rigid transformation has, in addition,
Let X be an affine space over a field k, and V be its associated vector space. An affine transformation is a bijection f from X onto itself that is an affine map; this means that a linear map g from V to V is well defined by the equation () = (); here, as usual, the subtraction of two points denotes the free vector from the second point to the first one, and "well-defined" means that ...
Transformation matrix. In linear algebra, linear transformations can be represented by matrices. If is a linear transformation mapping to and is a column vector with entries, then for some matrix , called the transformation matrix of . [citation needed] Note that has rows and columns, whereas the transformation is from to .
An affine deformation is a deformation that can be completely described by an affine transformation. Such a transformation is composed of a linear transformation (such as rotation, shear, extension and compression) and a rigid body translation. Affine deformations are also called homogeneous deformations. [3]
The Euclidean group is a subgroup of the group of affine transformations. It has as subgroups the translational group T( n ), and the orthogonal group O( n ). Any element of E( n ) is a translation followed by an orthogonal transformation (the linear part of the isometry), in a unique way: x ↦ A ( x + b ) {\displaystyle x\mapsto A(x+b)} where ...
Image registration is the process of transforming different sets of data into one coordinate system. Data may be multiple photographs, data from different sensors, times, depths, or viewpoints. [ 1 ] It is used in computer vision, medical imaging, [ 2 ] military automatic target recognition, and compiling and analyzing images and data from ...
Isomorphism. The group of fifth roots of unity under multiplication is isomorphic to the group of rotations of the regular pentagon under composition. In mathematics, an isomorphism is a structure-preserving mapping between two structures of the same type that can be reversed by an inverse mapping. Two mathematical structures are isomorphic if ...
In plane geometry, a shear mapping is an affine transformation that displaces each point in a fixed direction by an amount proportional to its signed distance from a given line parallel to that direction. [1] This type of mapping is also called shear transformation, transvection, or just shearing. The transformations can be applied with a shear ...