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  2. Asynchronous Transfer Mode - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asynchronous_Transfer_Mode

    Asynchronous Transfer Mode. Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) is a telecommunications standard defined by the American National Standards Institute and International Telecommunication Union Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T, formerly CCITT) for digital transmission of multiple types of traffic. ATM was developed to meet the needs ...

  3. Internet protocol suite - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_protocol_suite

    The Internet protocol suite, commonly known as TCP/IP, is a framework for organizing the set of communication protocols used in the Internet and similar computer networks according to functional criteria. The foundational protocols in the suite are the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), the User Datagram Protocol (UDP), and the Internet ...

  4. OSI model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OSI_model

    1. Physical layer. The Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model is a reference model from the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) that "provides a common basis for the coordination of standards development for the purpose of systems interconnection." [2] In the OSI reference model, the communications between systems are split ...

  5. Delay-tolerant networking - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delay-tolerant_networking

    Delay-tolerant networking. Delay-tolerant networking (DTN) is an approach to computer network architecture that seeks to address the technical issues in heterogeneous networks that may lack continuous network connectivity. Examples of such networks are those operating in mobile or extreme terrestrial environments, or planned networks in space.

  6. Overlay network - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overlay_network

    Overlay network. An overlay network is a computer network that is layered on top of another (logical as opposed to physical) network. The concept of overlay networking is distinct from the traditional model of OSI layered networks, and almost always assumes that the underlay network is an IP network of some kind. [1]

  7. Air gap (networking) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_gap_(networking)

    An air gapped network (right) with no connection to a nearby internet-connected network (left) An air gap, air wall, air gapping [1] or disconnected network is a network security measure employed on one or more computers to ensure that a secure computer network is physically isolated from unsecured networks, such as the public Internet or an unsecured local area network. [2]

  8. Network layer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_layer

    The network layer provides the means of transferring variable-length network packets from a source to a destination host via one or more networks. Within the service layering semantics of the OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) network architecture, the network layer responds to service requests from the transport layer and issues service requests to the data link layer.

  9. Protocol stack - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protocol_stack

    Protocol stack of the OSI model. The protocol stack or network stack is an implementation of a computer networking protocol suite or protocol family.Some of these terms are used interchangeably but strictly speaking, the suite is the definition of the communication protocols, and the stack is the software implementation of them.