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Heat of vaporization of water from melting to critical temperature. Water has a very high specific heat capacity of 4184 J/(kg·K) at 20 °C (4182 J/(kg·K) at 25 °C) —the second-highest among all the heteroatomic species (after ammonia), as well as a high heat of vaporization (40.65 kJ/mol or 2257 kJ/kg at the normal boiling point), both of ...
Stratification in water is the formation in a body of water of relatively distinct and stable layers by density. It occurs in all water bodies where there is stable density variation with depth. Stratification is a barrier to the vertical mixing of water, which affects the exchange of heat, carbon, oxygen and nutrients. [1]
Density (volumetric mass density or specific mass) is a substance's mass per unit of volume. The symbol most often used for density is ρ (the lower case Greek letter rho), although the Latin letter D can also be used. Mathematically, density is defined as mass divided by volume: [1] where ρ is the density, m is the mass, and V is the volume.
If the reference is not explicitly stated then it is normally assumed to be water at 4 °C (or, more precisely, 3.98 °C, which is the temperature at which water reaches its maximum density). In SI units, the density of water is (approximately) 1000 kg/m 3 or 1 g/cm 3, which makes relative density calculations particularly convenient: the ...
A change in the temperature of the water impacts on the distance between water parcels directly. [clarification needed] When the temperature of the water increases, the distance between water parcels will increase and hence the density will decrease. Salinity is a measure of the mass of dissolved solids, which consist mainly of salt.
Dew is small drops of water that are condensed when a high density of water vapor meets a cool surface. Dew usually forms in the morning when the temperature is the lowest, just before sunrise and when the temperature of the earth's surface starts to increase. [102] Condensed water in the air may also refract sunlight to produce rainbows.
This new symbol can be raised to a positive or negative power. It can also be combined with other unit symbols to form compound unit symbols. [1]: 143 For example, g/cm 3 is an SI unit of density, where cm 3 is to be interpreted as (cm) 3. Prefixes are added to unit names to produce multiples and submultiples of the original unit. All of these ...
"The kelvin, symbol K, is the SI unit of thermodynamic temperature. It is defined by taking the fixed numerical value of the Boltzmann constant k to be 1.380 649 × 10 −23 when expressed in the unit J K −1, which is equal to kg m 2 s −2 K −1, where the kilogram, metre and second are defined in terms of h, c and ∆ν Cs." [1]