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The Heian period (平安時代, Heian jidai) is the last division of classical Japanese history, running from 794 to 1185. [1] It followed the Nara period , beginning when the 50th emperor, Emperor Kammu , moved the capital of Japan to Heian-kyō (modern Kyoto ).
An early military and political work is the Ban Dainagon Ekotoba (The Tale of Great Minister Ban), a late 12th century emakimono (handscroll painting) depicting the events of the Ōtenmon Conspiracy, an event of Japan's early Heian period. The painting, attributed to Tokiwa Mitsunaga, is over 20 m long and about 31.5 cm tall.
The creation date and author of the work are unknown, but it is commonly dated to the end of the 12th century (either late in the Heian period (794–1185) or at the beginning of the Kamakura period (1185–1333)). [3] Specialists are divided on the possible existence of an older version or a study. [6]
The mid-Heian period is seen as the golden age of Yamato-e, which were initially used primarily for sliding doors and folding screens . However, new painting formats also came to the fore, especially towards the end of the Heian period, including emakimono, or long illustrated handscrolls.
A second notable example of the onna-e paintings in the Heian period is the Nezame Monogatari Emaki, which appears to be very similar to the Genji Monogatari Emaki, but presents softer and more decorative paintings giving pride of place to the representation of nature subtly emphasising the feelings of the characters. [25] [33]
Generally, Nara period paintings show religious subjects, and the artists are unknown. During that period, sculptures rather than paintings were more prevalent. [6] Mandalas became predominant in the paintings of the early Heian period as esoteric Buddhism emerged with the Shingon and Tendai sects in the 8th and 9th
Mikako Tokugawa, wife of Yoshinobu Tokugawa, with hikimayu A poster for the 1953 film Ugetsu.The woman in the foreground has hikimayu.. Hikimayu (引眉) was the practice of removing the natural eyebrows and painting smudge-like eyebrows on the forehead in pre-modern Japan, particularly in the Heian period (794–1185).
Many extant works are said to be his, but the first that can be attributed to him with any certainty is a Dainichi Nyorai at Enjō-ji in Nara (1176).. Unkei was a devout Buddhist, and records from 1183 (Heian period end) show that he transcribed two copies of the Lotus Sutra with the aid of two calligrapher monks and a woman sponsor named Akomaro. [3]