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Sildenafil is used as a preventive treatment for altitude-induced pulmonary edema and pulmonary hypertension. [ 38 ] [ 39 ] Sildenafil's mechanism of action is via phosphodiesterase inhibition which raises cGMP, resulting in pulmonary arterial vasodilation and inhibition of smooth muscle cell proliferation and indirectly fluid formation in the ...
Negative-pressure pulmonary edema (NPPE), also known as Postobstructive Pulmonary Edema, is a clinical phenomenon that results from the generation of large negative pressures in the airways during attempted inspiration against some form of obstruction of the upper airways.
High-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) is a life-threatening form of non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema that occurs in otherwise healthy people at altitudes typically above 2,500 meters (8,200 ft). [2] HAPE is a severe presentation of altitude sickness. Cases have also been reported between 1,500–2,500 metres or 4,900–8,200 feet in people who ...
Opioids have traditionally been used in the treatment of the acute pulmonary edema that results from acute decompensated heart failure. A 2006 review, however, found little evidence to support this practice. [17] The National Institutes for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidelines do not recommend routinely offering opioids in acute heart ...
In 1994, a new definition was recommended by the American-European Consensus Conference Committee [6] [10] which recognized the variability in severity of pulmonary injury. [51] The definition required the following criteria to be met: acute onset, persistent dyspnea; bilateral infiltrates on chest radiograph consistent with pulmonary edema
This causes pulmonary edema and pleural effusions. [34] In the absence of pulmonary blood vessel narrowing, the increased back pressure is described as 'isolated post-capillary pulmonary hypertension' (older terms include 'passive' or 'proportionate' pulmonary hypertension or 'pulmonary venous hypertension').
Cardiovascular system damage can include myocardial ischemia/infarction, acute left ventricular dysfunction, acute pulmonary edema, and aortic dissection. Other end-organ damage can include acute kidney failure or insufficiency, retinopathy, eclampsia, lung cancer, brain cancer, leukemia and microangiopathic hemolytic anemia. [citation needed]
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension; Pulmonary arterial hypertension is characterized by increased pressure in the pulmonary arteries and arterioles (the pulmonary circulation proximal to the capillary bed) Specialty: Pulmonology, Cardiology, Symptoms: breathlessness, fatigue, lightheadedness, chest pain, fainting (late finding), leg swelling (late ...