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In the History of Animals, Aristotle sets out to investigate the existing facts (Greek "hoti", what), prior to establishing their causes (Greek "dioti", why). [1] [3] The book is thus a defence of his method of investigating zoology. Aristotle investigates four types of differences between animals: differences in particular body parts (Books I ...
[1] Aristotle sets out to "discuss the parts which are useful to animals for their movement from place to place, and consider why each part is of the nature which it is, and why they possess them, and further the differences in the various parts of one and the same animal and in those of animals of different species compared with one another ...
He criticized the dichotomous taxonomy practiced in Plato's Academy, since much of the time, it is superfluous and “pointless.” [2] He concludes by defending the study of animals as a science as important as that of celestial bodies. [3] Aristotle affirmed that every living being consists of two intrinsic parts: [4] Primary matter (οὐσία)
Aristotle (384–322 BC) studied at Plato's Academy in Athens, remaining there for about 20 years.Like Plato, he sought universals in his philosophy, but unlike Plato he backed up his views with detailed and systematic observation, notably of the natural history of the island of Lesbos, where he spent about two years, and the marine life in the seas around it, especially of the Pyrrha lagoon ...
For example, while one of the two principal topics covered in book I is the function of semen (gone, sperma), this account is not finalised until partway through book II. Book I (715a – 731b) Chapter 1 begins with Aristotle claiming to have already addressed the parts of animals, referencing the author's work of the same name.
The basic idea of a ranking of the world's organisms goes back to Aristotle's biology. In his History of Animals, where he ranked animals over plants based on their ability to move and sense, and graded the animals by their reproductive mode, live birth being "higher" than laying cold eggs, and possession of blood, warm-blooded mammals and ...
The works of Aristotle, sometimes referred to by modern scholars with the Latin phrase Corpus Aristotelicum, is the collection of Aristotle's works that have survived from antiquity. According to a distinction that originates with Aristotle himself, his writings are divisible into two groups: the " exoteric " and the " esoteric ". [ 1 ]
Aristotle argued that animals lacked reason (logos), and placed humans at the top of the natural world. [33] Aristotle stated that animals lacked reason (logos), and placed humans at the top of the natural world, yet the respect for animals in ancient Greece was very high. Some animals were considered divine, e.g. dolphins.