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  2. Amphibian - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amphibian

    The decline in amphibian and reptile populations has led to an awareness of the effects of pesticides on reptiles and amphibians. [176] In the past, the argument that amphibians or reptiles were more susceptible to any chemical contamination than any land aquatic vertebrate was not supported by research until recently. [ 176 ]

  3. Reptile - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reptile

    Reptiles, from Nouveau Larousse Illustré, 1897–1904, notice the inclusion of amphibians (below the crocodiles). In the 13th century, the category of reptile was recognized in Europe as consisting of a miscellany of egg-laying creatures, including "snakes, various fantastic monsters, lizards, assorted amphibians, and worms", as recorded by Beauvais in his Mirror of Nature. [7]

  4. Amphisbaenia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amphisbaenia

    Amphisbaenia / æmfɪsˈbiːniə / (called amphisbaenians or worm lizards) is a group of typically legless lizards, [1] comprising over 200 extant species. Amphisbaenians are characterized by their long bodies, the reduction or loss of the limbs, and rudimentary eyes. As many species have a pink body and scales arranged in rings, they have a ...

  5. Herpetology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herpetology

    Herpetology (from Greek ἑρπετόν herpetón, meaning "reptile" or "creeping animal") is a branch of zoology concerned with the study of amphibians (including frogs, toads, salamanders, newts, and caecilians (gymnophiona)) and reptiles (including snakes, lizards, amphisbaenids, turtles, terrapins, tortoises, crocodilians, and tuataras). [1 ...

  6. Tetrapod - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetrapod

    While reptiles and amphibians can be quite similar externally, the French zoologist Pierre André Latreille recognized the large physiological differences at the beginning of the 19th century and split the herptiles into two classes, giving the four familiar classes of tetrapods: amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals. [30]

  7. Amniote - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amniote

    While the early amniotes resembled their amphibian ancestors in many respects, a key difference was the lack of an otic notch at the back margin of the skull roof. In their ancestors, this notch held a spiracle, an unnecessary structure in an animal without an aquatic larval stage. [25]

  8. Synapsida - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synapsida

    Synapsida[a] is one of the two major clades of vertebrate animals in the group Amniota, the other being the Sauropsida (which includes reptiles and birds). The synapsids were the dominant land animals in the late Paleozoic and early Mesozoic, but the only group that survived into the Cenozoic are mammals. [7]

  9. Turtle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turtle

    Turtles are reptiles of the order Testudines, characterized by a special shell developed mainly from their ribs. Modern turtles are divided into two major groups, the Pleurodira (side necked turtles) and Cryptodira (hidden necked turtles), which differ in the way the head retracts. There are 360 living and recently extinct species of turtles ...

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