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The mechanism for base-catalyzed aldol condensation can be seen in the image below. A mechanism for aldol condensation in basic conditions, which occurs via enolate intermediates and E1CB elimination. The process begins when a free hydroxide (strong base) strips the highly acidic proton at the alpha carbon of the aldehyde.
The aldol reaction (aldol addition) is a reaction in organic chemistry that combines two carbonyl compounds (e.g. aldehydes or ketones) to form a new β-hydroxy carbonyl compound. Its simplest form might involve the nucleophilic addition of an enolized ketone to another: These products are known as aldols, from the ald ehyde + alcoh ol, a ...
Mukaiyama aldol addition. In organic chemistry, the Mukaiyama aldol addition is an organic reaction and a type of aldol reaction between a silyl enol ether (R2C=CR−O−Si (CH3)3) and an aldehyde (R−CH=O) or formate (R−O−CH=O). [1] The reaction was discovered by Teruaki Mukaiyama in 1973. [2] His choice of reactants allows for a crossed ...
RXNO:0000380. The Robinson annulation is a chemical reaction used in organic chemistry for ring formation. It was discovered by Robert Robinson in 1935 as a method to create a six membered ring by forming three new carbon–carbon bonds. [1] The method uses a ketone and a methyl vinyl ketone to form an α,β-unsaturated ketone in a cyclohexane ...
Condensation reaction. In organic chemistry, a condensation reaction is a type of chemical reaction in which two molecules are combined to form a single molecule, usually with the loss of a small molecule such as water. [1] If water is lost, the reaction is also known as a dehydration synthesis. However other molecules can also be lost, such as ...
It gives an α,β-unsaturated aromatic acid or α-substituted β-aryl acrylic acid by the aldol condensation of an aromatic aldehyde and an acid anhydride, in the presence of an alkali salt of the acid. [1] [2] The alkali salt acts as a base catalyst, and other bases can be used instead. [3] The Perkin reaction. Several reviews have been ...
These two steps are similar to a base-catalyzed aldol reaction. The oxygen anion in this aldol-like product then S N 2 attacks on the formerly-nucleophilic halide-bearing position, displacing the halide to form an epoxide. [2] This reaction sequence is thus a condensation reaction since there is a net loss of HCl when the two reactant molecules ...
Claisen–Schmidt condensation. In organic chemistry, the Claisen–Schmidt condensation is the reaction between an aldehyde or ketone having an α-hydrogen with an aromatic carbonyl compound lacking an α-hydrogen. It can be considered as a specific variation of the aldol condensation. This reaction is named after two of its pioneering ...