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  2. Newton's laws of motion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton's_laws_of_motion

    The change of motion of an object is proportional to the force impressed; and is made in the direction of the straight line in which the force is impressed. [ 14 ] : 114 By "motion", Newton meant the quantity now called momentum , which depends upon the amount of matter contained in a body, the speed at which that body is moving, and the ...

  3. Force - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Force

    v. t. e. A force is an influence that can cause an object to change its velocity unless counterbalanced by other forces. The concept of force makes the everyday notion of pushing or pulling mathematically precise. Because the magnitude and direction of a force are both important, force is a vector quantity.

  4. Newton's law of universal gravitation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton's_law_of_universal...

    t. e. Newton's law of universal gravitation states that every particle attracts every other particle in the universe with a force that is proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centers. Separated objects attract and are attracted as if all their mass were concentrated ...

  5. Equations for a falling body - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equations_for_a_falling_body

    A set of equations describing the trajectories of objects subject to a constant gravitational force under normal Earth-bound conditions.Assuming constant acceleration g due to Earth’s gravity, Newton's law of universal gravitation simplifies to F = mg, where F is the force exerted on a mass m by the Earth’s gravitational field of strength g.

  6. Inertia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inertia

    Inertia is the natural tendency of objects in motion to stay in motion and objects at rest to stay at rest, unless a force causes its velocity to change. It is one of the fundamental principles in classical physics, and described by Isaac Newton in his first law of motion (also known as The Principle of Inertia). [1]

  7. Net force - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Net_force

    When forces act upon an object, they change its acceleration. The net force is the combined effect of all the forces on the object's acceleration, as described by Newton's second law of motion. When the net force is applied at a specific point on an object, the associated torque can be calculated.

  8. Free fall - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_fall

    An object dropped at the top of a drop tube. An object thrown upward or a person jumping off the ground at low speed (i.e. as long as air resistance is negligible in comparison to weight). Technically, an object is in free fall even when moving upwards or instantaneously at rest at the top of its motion.

  9. Lift (force) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lift_(force)

    When a fluid flows around an object, the fluid exerts a force on the object. Lift is the component of this force that is perpendicular to the oncoming flow direction. [ 1 ] It contrasts with the drag force, which is the component of the force parallel to the flow direction. Lift conventionally acts in an upward direction in order to counter the ...