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Hydrogen peroxide is a chemical compound with the formula H 2 O 2.In its pure form, it is a very pale blue [5] liquid that is slightly more viscous than water.It is used as an oxidizer, bleaching agent, and antiseptic, usually as a dilute solution (3%–6% by weight) in water for consumer use and in higher concentrations for industrial use.
Peroxide. In chemistry, peroxides are a group of compounds with the structure R−O−O−R, where the R's represent a radical (a portion of a complete molecule; not necessarily a free radical [1]) and O's are single oxygen atoms. [2][3] Oxygen atoms are joined to each other and to adjacent elements through single covalent bonds, denoted by ...
Catalase is a common enzyme found in nearly all living organisms exposed to oxygen (such as bacteria, plants, and animals) which catalyzes the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen. [ 5 ] It is a very important enzyme in protecting the cell from oxidative damage by reactive oxygen species (ROS).
The general structure of an organic peroxide. In organic chemistry, organic peroxidesare organic compoundscontaining the peroxidefunctional group(R−O−O−R′). If the R′ is hydrogen, the compounds are called hydroperoxides, which are discussed in that article. The O−O bond of peroxides easily breaks, producing free radicalsof the form ...
The solid state structure of this adduct has been determined by neutron diffraction. [5] Hydrogen peroxide–urea is a readily water-soluble, odorless, crystalline solid, which is available as white powder or colorless needles or platelets. [2] Upon dissolving in various solvents, the 1:1 complex dissociates back to urea and hydrogen peroxide.
Hydroperoxide also refers to the hydroperoxide anion (−OOH) and its salts, and the neutral hydroperoxyl radical (•OOH) consist of an unbond hydroperoxy group. When R is organic, the compounds are called organic hydroperoxides. Such compounds are a subset of organic peroxides, which have the formula ROOR.
In chemistry and biology, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are highly reactive chemicals formed from diatomic oxygen (O2), water, and hydrogen peroxide. Some prominent ROS are hydroperoxide (O 2 H), superoxide (O 2-), [ 1 ] hydroxyl radical (OH.), and singlet oxygen. [ 2 ] ROS are pervasive because they are readily produced from O 2, which is ...
The molecule has a bent structure. [3] The superoxide anion, • O − 2, and the hydroperoxyl radical exist in equilibrium in aqueous solution: • O − 2 + H 2 O ⇌ HO • 2 + HO −. The pK a of HO 2 is 4.88. Therefore, about 0.3% of any superoxide present in the cytosol of a typical cell is in the protonated form. [4] It oxidizes nitric ...