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Quarks have fractional electric charge values – either (− 1 / 3 ) or (+ 2 / 3 ) times the elementary charge (e), depending on flavor. Up, charm, and top quarks (collectively referred to as up-type quarks) have a charge of + 2 / 3 e; down, strange, and bottom quarks (down-type quarks) have a charge of − 1 / 3 e.
All quarks are assigned a baryon number of 1 / 3 . Up, charm and top quarks have an electric charge of + 2 / 3 , while the down, strange, and bottom quarks have an electric charge of − 1 / 3 . Antiquarks have the opposite quantum numbers. Quarks are spin- 1 / 2 particles, and thus fermions. Each quark or antiquark ...
According to the 2022 Particle Physics Review, the charmed quark has a mass of 1.27 ± 0.02 GeV/c 2, [b] a charge of + 2 / 3 e, and a charm of +1. [10] The charm quark is more massive than the strange quark: the ratio between the masses of the two is about 11.76 +0.05 −0.10. [10] The CKM matrix describes the weak interaction of quarks ...
As quarks have a baryon number of + + 1 / 3 , and antiquarks of − + 1 / 3 , the pentaquark would have a total baryon number of 1, and thus would be a baryon. Further, because it has five quarks instead of the usual three found in regular baryons (a.k.a. "triquarks"), it is classified as an exotic baryon.
Quarks also carry fractional electric charges, but, since they are confined within hadrons whose charges are all integral, fractional charges have never been isolated. Note that quarks have electric charges of either + + 2 / 3 e or − + 1 / 3 e , whereas antiquarks have corresponding electric charges of either − + 2 / 3 ...
It is part of the first generation of matter, has an electric charge of + 2 / 3 e and a bare mass of 2.2 +0.5 −0.4 MeV/c 2. [1] Like all quarks, the up quark is an elementary fermion with spin 1 / 2 , and experiences all four fundamental interactions: gravitation, electromagnetism, weak interactions, and strong interactions.
By convention, the sign of flavour quantum numbers agree with the sign of the electric charge carried by the quarks of corresponding flavour. The charm quark, which carries an electric charge (Q) of + 2 ⁄ 3, therefore carries a charm of +1. The charm antiquarks have the opposite charge (Q = − 2 ⁄ 3), and flavour quantum numbers (C = −1 ...
Like all other quarks, the top quark is a fermion with spin-1/2 and participates in all four fundamental interactions: gravitation, electromagnetism, weak interactions, and strong interactions. It has an electric charge of + 2 / 3 e. It has a mass of 172.76 ± 0.3 GeV/c 2, [1] which is close to the rhenium atom mass.